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Urinary System Medical Terminology Quiz

#1

Which term refers to the surgical removal of one or both kidneys?

Nephrectomy
Explanation

Surgical removal of kidneys.

#2

What is the medical term for the presence of blood in the urine?

Hematuria
Explanation

Presence of blood in urine.

#3

What is the medical term for the presence of kidney stones?

Nephrolithiasis
Explanation

Presence of kidney stones.

#4

Which hormone regulates the reabsorption of water by the kidneys?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Explanation

Regulates kidney water reabsorption.

#5

Which structure of the urinary system stores urine until it is excreted from the body?

Bladder
Explanation

Stores urine until excretion.

#6

What is the term for the process of filtering waste products from the blood in the kidneys?

Filtration
Explanation

Kidney process of waste filtration.

#7

Which of the following is a structure that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?

Ureter
Explanation

Tube carrying urine to the bladder.

#8

What is the medical term for the surgical fixation of the bladder to the abdominal wall?

Cystopexy
Explanation

Surgical fixation of bladder to abdominal wall.

#9

What does the abbreviation BUN stand for in relation to kidney function?

Blood Urea Nitrogen
Explanation

Measures kidney function through nitrogen levels.

#10

Which of the following terms refers to the surgical creation of an artificial opening into the bladder?

Cystostomy
Explanation

Surgical creation of a bladder opening.

#11

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of protein in the urine?

Proteinuria
Explanation

Presence of protein in urine.

#12

What is the medical term for the surgical removal of a kidney stone?

Nephrolithotomy
Explanation

Surgical removal of a kidney stone.

#13

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the inability to control urination voluntarily?

Incontinence
Explanation

Inability to control urination.

#14

What is the medical term for inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney?

Pyelonephritis
Explanation

Inflammation of renal pelvis and kidney.

#15

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the inability to empty the bladder completely?

Urinary retention
Explanation

Inability to fully empty the bladder.

#16

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of pus in the urine?

Pyuria
Explanation

Presence of pus in urine.

#17

Which of the following conditions is characterized by the presence of calcium deposits in the renal parenchyma?

Nephrocalcinosis
Explanation

Presence of calcium deposits in renal parenchyma.

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