#1
Which of the following is an example of normative social influence?
Wearing a certain brand of clothing because a celebrity does
ExplanationConforming to gain social acceptance or avoid rejection
#2
What does the term 'social facilitation' refer to?
The tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks in the presence of others
ExplanationPresence of others enhances performance on easy tasks
#3
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals perform tasks better or faster when others are around?
Social facilitation
ExplanationImproved performance in the presence of others
#4
In the context of social influence, what does the term 'ingroup' refer to?
A group to which an individual belongs
ExplanationGroup to which one identifies or belongs
#5
What is the term for the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task?
Social loafing
ExplanationReduced individual effort in group settings
#6
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationOverestimating internal factors and underestimating external factors in explaining others' behaviors
#7
The Asch conformity experiments demonstrated the power of what type of social influence?
Normative social influence
ExplanationConforming to group norms to gain approval or avoid disapproval
#8
Which term describes the tendency for group decision-making to be more extreme than the initial positions of its members?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup discussion amplifies initial inclinations
#9
According to social identity theory, individuals strive to enhance their self-esteem by?
Favoring their ingroup over outgroups
ExplanationBoosting self-esteem by identifying with a valued group
#10
Which term refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task?
Social loafing
ExplanationReduced individual effort in group settings
#11
Which psychological concept involves the tendency to change one's attitudes or behaviors in order to fit in with a group?
Social conformity
ExplanationAligning behaviors or attitudes with group norms
#12
What term describes the tendency to conform to the behavior or opinions of others because we want to be right and believe that others' interpretation of an ambiguous situation is more accurate than ours?
Informational social influence
ExplanationRelying on others' interpretations in ambiguous situations
#13
Which theory suggests that individuals seek to maintain consistency among their attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationDiscomfort from inconsistency motivates changes in attitudes or behaviors
#14
The Stanford prison experiment illustrated the power of what social psychological concept?
Deindividuation
ExplanationLoss of self-awareness and restraint in group situations
#15
What does the term 'pluralistic ignorance' refer to in social psychology?
The mistaken belief that one's thoughts or feelings are different from those of others, even though they are similar
ExplanationFalsely believing others have different beliefs or feelings
#16
Which factor is NOT a condition for the bystander effect to occur?
Perceived competence
ExplanationThe belief that someone else is more competent reduces bystander effect
#17
In the context of social influence, what does the term 'reactance' refer to?
The tendency to resist attempts to control one's behavior
ExplanationReacting against perceived threats to freedom
#18
Which theory suggests that individuals categorize themselves and others into groups, leading to ingroup favoritism and outgroup discrimination?
Social identity theory
ExplanationIdentifying with groups enhances self-esteem, leading to biases
#19
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the likelihood of obedience in Milgram's obedience experiments?
The presence of dissenting peers
ExplanationDissent reduces obedience to authority figures