Understanding Social Decision-Making Theories Quiz

Individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs in social exchanges.

Individuals strive for cognitive consistency by balancing their beliefs and attitudes.

Groupthink occurs when individuals conform to group decisions to maintain harmony, even if it opposes their personal beliefs.

Attribution theory explains how individuals interpret behavior as either internally or externally caused.

Social loafing refers to the tendency for individuals to reduce effort when working collectively compared to when working alone.

Bandura's Social Learning Theory highlights how individuals learn through observation, imitation, and modeling.

Maslow's theory proposes that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs, striving for self-actualization.

The Fundamental Attribution Error is the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal traits rather than external circumstances.

The bystander effect states that individuals are less likely to intervene in emergencies as the number of bystanders increases due to diffusion of responsibility.

Individuals are motivated to favor their in-group over out-groups due to the desire for social acceptance and self-esteem.

Social facilitation is the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks and worse on complex tasks when in the presence of others, due to heightened arousal.

Social learning theory asserts that observation and imitation are primary mechanisms for learning new behaviors and attitudes.

Groupthink refers to the tendency for individuals to conform to group decisions despite personal disagreement, prioritizing harmony.

Balance theory focuses on how individuals maintain consistency in their cognitive structures by reconciling their beliefs and attitudes.

Altman and Taylor proposed that relationships progress as individuals share increasingly intimate information.

Decision-making involves both automatic, intuitive processes and controlled, deliberate processes.

Tajfel proposed that individuals derive part of their identity from group memberships, influencing their behavior and attitudes.

The Elaboration Likelihood Model suggests that the route of persuasion depends on an individual's motivation and ability to process information.

Lewin proposed that group cohesion affects group performance by influencing communication, cooperation, and commitment.

Schema theory suggests that individuals organize and interpret information through mental frameworks, influencing behavior in social contexts.

Festinger proposed that individuals experience cognitive dissonance when they hold conflicting beliefs or behaviors, leading to discomfort.

Self-efficacy, one's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations, plays a crucial role in learning from observing others' behavior.

Janis proposed the concept of groupthink, where group members prioritize cohesion and consensus over critical evaluation of alternative solutions.