#1
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain?
Drive Reduction Theory
ExplanationMotivation driven by pleasure seeking and pain avoidance.
#2
Who proposed the Hierarchy of Needs Theory?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationHierarchy of human needs proposed by Maslow.
#3
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic emotions proposed by psychologist Paul Ekman?
Envy
ExplanationExcluded basic emotion in Ekman's theory.
#4
Who proposed the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?
Walter Cannon
ExplanationCannon and Bard's theory on emotional response.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Self-Determination Theory proposed by Deci and Ryan?
Conformity
ExplanationExcluded component in Self-Determination Theory.
#6
Who introduced the concept of emotional intelligence (EI) and proposed the model consisting of four branches of EI?
Daniel Goleman
ExplanationGoleman's work on emotional intelligence and its branches.
#7
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following needs must be satisfied before an individual can progress to higher levels of needs?
Physiological needs
ExplanationBasic survival needs required for higher growth.
#8
What is the primary premise of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory?
Motivation is influenced by hygiene factors and motivators
ExplanationMotivation influenced by both hygiene and motivational factors.
#9
According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, what are the two components that determine emotional experiences?
Physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal
ExplanationRole of physiological arousal and cognitive interpretation in emotions.
#10
What does the facial feedback hypothesis propose?
Facial expressions can influence emotional experiences
ExplanationImpact of facial expressions on emotional states.
#11
Which motivational theory emphasizes the importance of perceived fairness in determining an individual's motivation?
Equity Theory
ExplanationTheory highlighting the role of fairness perception in motivation.
#12
What is the main concept behind the Yerkes-Dodson Law?
Optimal performance is achieved at moderate levels of arousal
ExplanationThe optimal arousal level for peak performance.
#13
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated by their expectancy of achieving desired outcomes?
Expectancy Theory
ExplanationMotivation based on expectation of desired outcomes.
#14
According to Lazarus' cognitive-mediational theory, what is the key determinant of whether an emotion will be experienced?
The cognitive appraisal of the situation
ExplanationRole of cognitive appraisal in emotional experiences.
#15
According to the achievement motivation theory proposed by Atkinson, what are the two types of motivation that influence an individual's behavior?
Approach and avoidance motivation
ExplanationMotivation towards achieving goals and avoiding failures.
#16
Who proposed the theory of cognitive appraisal as a determinant of emotional experiences?
Richard Lazarus
ExplanationLazarus's theory on cognitive interpretation's role in emotions.
#17
According to the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion, what determines an individual's emotional response to a situation?
The cognitive interpretation of the situation
ExplanationThe role of cognitive assessment in emotional reactions.