#1
Which of the following is a non-verbal form of communication?
Gesturing
ExplanationNon-verbal communication involves expressing oneself without the use of words, and gesturing is a common form of conveying messages through body movements.
#2
Which of the following factors influences interpersonal attraction?
Proximity
ExplanationProximity, or physical closeness, is a significant factor influencing interpersonal attraction, as people tend to form connections with those who are nearby.
#3
What term describes the process of interpreting someone else's behavior as having been caused by situational factors rather than internal characteristics?
Actor-Observer Bias
ExplanationActor-Observer Bias involves attributing others' behavior to external factors while attributing one's own behavior to internal characteristics.
#4
What term refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors while attributing failures to external factors?
Self-Serving Bias
ExplanationSelf-Serving Bias involves attributing personal successes to internal factors and blaming external factors for failures, enhancing one's self-esteem.
#5
Which term refers to the phenomenon where people are more likely to comply with a request if it is preceded by a smaller request?
Foot-in-the-door technique
ExplanationFoot-in-the-door technique involves making a small request first, increasing the likelihood that individuals will comply with a larger request later.
#6
What is the term for the study of how people communicate through facial expressions, gestures, body movements, and posture?
Kinesics
ExplanationKinesics is the study of non-verbal communication, encompassing facial expressions, gestures, body language, and posture.
#7
Which theory suggests that individuals tend to interpret and give meaning to behaviors based on the context in which they occur?
Symbolic Interactionism
ExplanationSymbolic Interactionism proposes that meaning is derived from social interactions, emphasizing the importance of context in understanding and interpreting behaviors.
#8
What term describes the tendency to conform to the group's norms in order to fit in and feel accepted?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity refers to the tendency to adjust one's behaviors and beliefs to align with the norms of a group, seeking social acceptance.
#9
Which psychological concept involves the tendency to overestimate the impact of internal factors and underestimate the influence of external factors when making attributions for the behavior of others?
Fundamental Attribution Error
ExplanationThe Fundamental Attribution Error involves overemphasizing internal factors and downplaying external factors when explaining the behavior of others.
#10
Which concept refers to the tendency to seek out information that supports our pre-existing attitudes and beliefs while avoiding information that contradicts them?
Confirmation Bias
ExplanationConfirmation Bias is the inclination to selectively seek information that reinforces pre-existing attitudes and to avoid information that challenges those beliefs.
#11
In psychology, what is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes?
Fundamental Attribution Error
ExplanationThe Fundamental Attribution Error is the inclination to attribute others' actions to their internal characteristics, while attributing one's own actions to external factors.
#12
What is the term for the process by which individuals interpret sensory information in order to give meaning to their environment?
Perception
ExplanationPerception is the cognitive process of interpreting sensory information to make sense of the surrounding environment.
#13
What term refers to the tendency to recall information that confirms our preexisting beliefs and ignore information that contradicts them?
Confirmation Bias
ExplanationConfirmation Bias is the inclination to selectively remember or seek information that supports existing beliefs while ignoring contradictory evidence.
#14
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the bystander effect?
Perceived Similarity
ExplanationPerceived Similarity is not a factor in the bystander effect, which is influenced by factors like diffusion of responsibility and social inhibition.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences attraction in interpersonal relationships?
Dissimilarity
ExplanationDissimilarity is not a factor influencing attraction in interpersonal relationships; factors like proximity, similarity, and reciprocity play key roles.