#1
What is the term for the process through which individuals adopt the beliefs and behaviors of a group?
Conformity
ExplanationIndividuals adopting group beliefs and behaviors is termed as conformity.
#2
In sociology, what is the term for the behavior expected of individuals who occupy a particular social position?
Social role
ExplanationSocial role refers to expected behavior based on social position.
#3
What is the term for the process of abandoning old cultural traditions and adopting new ones?
Acculturation
ExplanationAbandoning old and adopting new cultural traditions is acculturation.
#4
What term refers to the process through which individuals learn and internalize the values, beliefs, and norms of their culture?
Socialization
ExplanationSocialization: learning and internalizing cultural values, beliefs, and norms.
#5
Which of the following best defines human identity?
A dynamic and multifaceted concept influenced by various factors.
ExplanationHuman identity is complex and influenced by multiple factors.
#6
Which psychological theory suggests that individuals seek to maintain consistency between their beliefs and actions?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory posits individuals strive for consistency in beliefs and actions.
#7
What term describes the process of categorizing individuals into groups based on characteristics such as race or gender?
Social categorization
ExplanationSocial categorization is grouping based on characteristics like race or gender.
#8
According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the primary developmental task during adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationPrimary adolescent developmental task: Identity vs. Role Confusion.
#9
Which concept refers to the tendency to favor one's own group over other groups?
In-group bias
ExplanationIn-group bias is the favoring of one's own group over others.
#10
Which psychological concept suggests that individuals are more likely to comply with a request if it is preceded by a smaller request?
Foot-in-the-door technique
ExplanationFoot-in-the-door technique: compliance increases with a smaller request first.
#11
Which phenomenon involves individuals exerting less effort when working collectively compared to when working alone?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the tendency for reduced individual effort in group settings.
#12
Who coined the term 'social identity'?
Henri Tajfel
ExplanationSocial identity term was coined by Henri Tajfel.
#13
Which of the following is an example of an implicit social norm?
Holding the door open for someone
ExplanationHolding the door open as an implicit social norm example.
#14
Who proposed the concept of 'the looking-glass self'?
Charles Horton Cooley
ExplanationConcept of 'the looking-glass self' was proposed by Charles Horton Cooley.
#15
Who proposed the social cognitive theory, which emphasizes the importance of observational learning, imitation, and modeling?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura proposed social cognitive theory, highlighting observational learning.
#16
Which concept suggests that people's behavior can be influenced by subtle, often unconscious cues from their environment?
Implicit bias
ExplanationImplicit bias: behavior influenced by subtle, unconscious environmental cues.