#1
Which parameter is measured to assess the acidity or alkalinity of blood in arterial blood gas analysis?
Oxygen saturation
pH
Carbon dioxide level
Bicarbonate level
#2
What does the PaO2 value represent in arterial blood gas analysis?
Partial pressure of oxygen in the blood
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood
Oxygen saturation percentage
Bicarbonate concentration
#3
What is the normal range for arterial blood pH in humans?
7.35 - 7.45
7.20 - 7.30
7.50 - 7.60
6.80 - 7.00
#4
What is the normal range for PaCO2 in arterial blood gas analysis?
35 - 45 mmHg
80 - 100 mmHg
22 - 26 mmHg
10 - 20 mmHg
#5
In respiratory acidosis, what parameter is typically elevated?
#6
Which condition is associated with a decreased bicarbonate (HCO3-) level in arterial blood gas analysis?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
#7
What is the primary function of the respiratory system in maintaining acid-base balance?
Regulation of bicarbonate levels
Elimination of carbon dioxide
Production of hydrogen ions
Synthesis of oxygen
#8
What is the primary cause of respiratory alkalosis?
Hypoventilation
Hyperventilation
Kidney dysfunction
Excessive bicarbonate intake
#9
In arterial blood gas analysis, what does a decreased oxygen saturation level indicate?
Respiratory acidosis
Hypoxemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
#10
In which acid-base disorder does the body attempt to compensate by retaining bicarbonate in the kidneys?
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis
#11
What is the primary cause of metabolic alkalosis?
Excessive bicarbonate intake
Excessive hydrogen ion production
Hypoventilation
Hyperventilation
#12
What does the base excess value indicate in arterial blood gas analysis?
Excess carbon dioxide in the blood
Excess bicarbonate in the blood
Excess oxygen in the blood
Excess hydrogen ions in the blood
#13
In a compensated respiratory acidosis, which parameter returns to normal range?
#14
Which acid-base disorder is associated with an increased anion gap?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
#15
What is the primary buffer system that helps regulate pH in the blood?
Bicarbonate buffer system
Phosphate buffer system
Protein buffer system
Ammonia buffer system
#16
In which condition would you expect a decreased PaO2 and an increased PaCO2 in arterial blood gas analysis?
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis
#17
What is the primary mechanism of compensation for respiratory alkalosis?
Increased excretion of bicarbonate by the kidneys
Decreased ventilation
Retention of carbon dioxide by the kidneys
Increased ventilation
#18
Which condition is characterized by an elevated anion gap and a decreased bicarbonate level in arterial blood gas analysis?
Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis