#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of abnormal behavior?
Statistical rarity
ExplanationUnusual occurrence within a population.
#2
Which of the following is a common symptom of panic disorder?
Sudden and intense feelings of fear or terror
ExplanationSudden onset of extreme fear or anxiety.
#3
What is a common symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Recurrent nightmares and flashbacks
ExplanationRe-experiencing traumatic events.
#4
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with the regulation of sleep, mood, and appetite?
Serotonin
ExplanationInfluences sleep, mood, and appetite.
#5
What is a key characteristic of somatic symptom disorders?
Physical symptoms without a clear medical explanation
ExplanationPhysical complaints lacking medical basis.
#6
What is the primary focus of the biological perspective on abnormal behavior?
Chemical imbalances in the brain
ExplanationBrain's biochemical factors as the root cause.
#7
Which psychological disorder is characterized by extreme mood swings, from manic episodes to depressive episodes?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationAlternating highs (mania) and lows (depression).
#8
What is the term for a persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity?
Phobia
ExplanationExcessive and uncontrollable fear response.
#9
Which therapeutic approach focuses on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors?
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
ExplanationAddressing dysfunctional thoughts and actions.
#10
According to the medical model, what is the primary focus when treating mental disorders?
Identifying and alleviating biological factors
ExplanationBiological causation and treatment emphasis.
#11
What is the concept of self-efficacy in the context of abnormal behavior?
The belief in one's ability to achieve goals
ExplanationConfidence in accomplishing specific tasks.
#12
According to the psychodynamic perspective, what role does the unconscious mind play in abnormal behavior?
It is the primary determinant of behavior
ExplanationHidden desires and conflicts shaping behavior.
#13
What is the main goal of exposure therapy?
To confront and overcome fears
ExplanationGradual confrontation to reduce anxiety.
#14
In the context of abnormal behavior, what does the diathesis-stress model propose?
Both genetic vulnerabilities and stressors contribute to the development of disorders
ExplanationJoint influence of genetics and environmental stressors.
#15
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with mood regulation, and its imbalance is linked to depression?
Serotonin
ExplanationRegulates mood; deficiency linked to depression.