The Structure and Powers of the U.S. Judiciary Quiz

Judicial review is the power of the courts to review and potentially invalidate actions of the executive and legislative branches.

The President nominates federal judges, subject to confirmation by the Senate.

There are nine justices on the U.S. Supreme Court.

District Courts are the primary trial courts in the federal system.

County Courts are not part of the federal judiciary system.

John Roberts has served as Chief Justice of the United States since 2005.

Article III of the Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government.

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the federal judiciary.

Federal judges serve for life, ensuring independence from political influence.

The power to issue presidential pardons belongs exclusively to the President.

Sandra Day O'Connor was the first woman appointed to the U.S. Supreme Court, serving from 1981 to 2006.

Appellate courts review decisions made by lower courts for errors or legal issues.

The House of Representatives can impeach federal judges, and the Senate holds the trial for removal.

Judicial review enables courts to strike down laws or actions inconsistent with the Constitution.

Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the precedent of judicial review in the U.S.

Original jurisdiction refers to the authority of a court to hear a case initially, rather than on appeal.

A circuit split occurs when different federal circuit courts issue conflicting rulings on the same legal issue.