#1
Which of the following is a primary goal of surveying techniques in psychological inquiry?
To observe natural behavior without interference
ExplanationSurveying aims for unaltered behavior observation.
#2
Which surveying technique involves asking participants to report their thoughts, feelings, or behaviors?
Self-report measures
ExplanationParticipants self-report their internal states.
#3
Which of the following surveying techniques involves observing and recording behavior in its natural environment?
Observational studies
ExplanationBehavior is observed in its natural setting in observational studies.
#4
What is the term for a measure that yields consistent results over time?
Reliability
ExplanationReliability indicates consistent measurement outcomes.
#5
What is the term for the phenomenon where participants provide responses that they believe are socially acceptable, rather than truthful?
Social desirability bias
ExplanationParticipants may give socially desirable responses, reflecting social desirability bias.
#6
What is the purpose of random sampling in psychological research?
To ensure that all individuals have an equal chance of being selected for the sample
ExplanationRandom sampling promotes sample representativeness.
#7
Which of the following is a potential limitation of using convenience sampling?
It may introduce bias into the sample
ExplanationConvenience sampling can skew sample representation.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a type of reliability?
Construct validity
ExplanationConstruct validity refers to measurement accuracy, not consistency.
#9
In a psychological survey, what does it mean if a measure has high internal consistency?
Different items within the measure consistently correlate with each other
ExplanationItems within a measure show strong correlation in high internal consistency.
#10
What is the term for the extent to which research findings generalize to other populations, contexts, or settings?
Generalizability
ExplanationGeneralizability assesses the extendibility of research findings.
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon where participants' behavior changes because they are aware of being observed?
Hawthorne effect
ExplanationParticipants modify behavior due to observation awareness.
#12
Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using self-report measures?
They may be influenced by demand characteristics
ExplanationSelf-report measures can be skewed by demand characteristics.
#13
What type of research design involves following the same group of participants over an extended period of time?
Longitudinal
ExplanationLongitudinal design tracks participants' progress over time.
#14
Which of the following is a method used to counteract observer bias?
Blinding
ExplanationBlinding prevents observer bias by withholding information.
#15
Which of the following is a technique used to enhance the credibility of qualitative research findings?
Member checking
ExplanationMember checking involves verifying findings with participants, enhancing credibility.