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Structure and Functions of Specialized and Inferior Courts in the Legal System Quiz

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#1

Which court primarily deals with cases involving specialized areas like patents, tax, and bankruptcy?

Bankruptcy Court
Explanation

Specializes in cases related to bankruptcy and specialized areas like patents and tax.

#2

Which of the following is NOT a function of an inferior court?

Deciding appeals from lower courts
Explanation

Inferior courts do not handle appeals; they primarily hear cases for the first time.

#3

In a federal system, what is the term for a court that has the power to hear cases for the first time?

Trial Court
Explanation

Courts with original jurisdiction to hear cases for the first time in a federal system.

#4

Which of the following is an example of a specialty court that focuses on handling cases involving drug offenses and addiction?

Drug Court
Explanation

Specializes in cases related to drug offenses and addiction.

#5

What is the term for a court's authority to hear a case for the first time?

Original jurisdiction
Explanation

Authority of a court to hear a case initially.

#6

Which court has the authority to review decisions made by lower courts to determine if legal errors were made?

Appellate Court
Explanation

Authorized to review lower court decisions for legal errors.

#7

Which specialized court handles cases related to disputes between states and admiralty and maritime laws?

Admiralty Court
Explanation

Focuses on disputes involving admiralty and maritime laws, often between states.

#8

In the federal court system, which court sits below the Court of Appeals?

District Court
Explanation

Sits below the Court of Appeals and serves as the trial court in the federal system.

#9

Which specialized court primarily handles cases related to labor disputes and violations of labor laws?

Labor Court
Explanation

Specializes in cases concerning labor disputes and violations of labor laws.

#10

What is the highest court in the United States that primarily deals with cases related to patents and intellectual property?

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Explanation

Highest court handling appeals for patent and intellectual property cases.

#11

Which specialized court is responsible for handling cases related to juvenile delinquency and dependency?

Juvenile Court
Explanation

Specializes in cases involving juvenile delinquency and dependency.

#12

Which court is the highest court of appeal in the United States for cases not involving federal law?

State Supreme Court
Explanation

Highest court of appeal for cases not involving federal law.

#13

Which term refers to the legal principle that higher courts should not interfere with the decisions of lower courts unless absolutely necessary?

Stare decisis
Explanation

Principle of letting lower court decisions stand unless there's a compelling reason to overturn them.

#14

In the United States, which court typically handles appeals from decisions made by federal administrative agencies?

Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
Explanation

Handles appeals from decisions made by federal administrative agencies.

#15

What is the term for the legal principle that once a matter has been decided by a competent court, it cannot be reopened?

Res judicata
Explanation

Legal principle preventing the reopening of a matter already decided by a competent court.

#16

What is the term for a legal doctrine where previous court decisions are used as a basis for future cases?

Stare decisis
Explanation

Legal doctrine of using precedent in deciding current cases.

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