#1
Which of the following is an example of conformity?
Following the behavior of a group
ExplanationConformity involves adjusting one's behavior to match the norms of a group.
#2
What does the bystander effect suggest?
People are less likely to help when others are present.
ExplanationThe bystander effect posits that individuals are less likely to intervene in emergencies when others are present, assuming someone else will take action.
#3
In social psychology, what does cognitive dissonance refer to?
The discomfort of holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
ExplanationCognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort resulting from holding contradictory beliefs or attitudes, leading individuals to seek consistency.
#4
What is the central route to persuasion?
A method of persuasion that focuses on the content and logic of the message.
ExplanationThe central route to persuasion involves influencing attitudes through the substance and rationality of the message.
#5
What is the concept of social facilitation?
The tendency for individuals to perform better on tasks when others are present.
ExplanationSocial facilitation is the phenomenon where individuals tend to enhance their performance on simple tasks when in the presence of others.
#6
What is the main idea behind the theory of social exchange?
People seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs in their relationships.
ExplanationSocial exchange theory posits that individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs in their social relationships.
#7
Which experiment is associated with the concept of obedience to authority?
Milgram's shock experiment
ExplanationMilgram's shock experiment demonstrated the tendency of individuals to obey authority figures, even when it involves harming others.
#8
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors when explaining others' behavior.
ExplanationThe fundamental attribution error is the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal characteristics, neglecting situational factors.
#9
What does the Robbers Cave experiment study?
Group dynamics and intergroup relations
ExplanationThe Robbers Cave experiment investigated group dynamics and intergroup relations, highlighting the impact of competition on group behavior.
#10
According to social identity theory, what contributes to ingroup favoritism?
The categorization of oneself as a member of a particular group
ExplanationSocial identity theory suggests that people favor their ingroup due to the social categorization of oneself into a specific group.
#11
Which theory suggests that prejudice arises from competition for limited resources?
Realistic conflict theory
ExplanationRealistic conflict theory proposes that prejudice arises from competition for scarce resources among different groups.