#1
Which of the following best defines social psychology?
The study of social influence on behavior and attitudes
ExplanationSocial psychology focuses on how social factors impact behavior and attitudes.
#2
What is an attitude in social psychology?
A tendency to behave consistently towards a particular object or situation
ExplanationAttitudes refer to consistent behavioral tendencies towards specific objects or situations.
#3
What is conformity?
The tendency to act in accordance with social norms or group pressure
ExplanationConformity: adjusting behavior to match group norms or expectations.
#4
What is the mere exposure effect?
The tendency to like something more as we become more familiar with it
ExplanationMere exposure effect: preference for things simply because of familiarity.
#5
What is cognitive dissonance?
The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
ExplanationCognitive dissonance: discomfort from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
#6
Which theory suggests that people are motivated to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory explains the discomfort caused by inconsistency between attitudes and behaviors.
#7
What does the bystander effect refer to?
The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help in an emergency situation when others are present
ExplanationBystander effect: decreased likelihood of helping in emergencies due to the presence of others.
#8
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to attribute others' behavior to external factors and one's own behavior to internal factors
ExplanationFundamental attribution error: tendency to overemphasize internal factors and underestimate external factors in others' behavior.
#9
Which of the following best describes social loafing?
The tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group task
ExplanationSocial loafing: reduced individual effort in group tasks due to diffusion of responsibility.
#10
According to social identity theory, what contributes to group cohesion?
Similarity between group members
ExplanationGroup cohesion is enhanced by perceived similarity among group members.
#11
What is group polarization?
The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclination of its members
ExplanationGroup polarization: tendency for group decisions to become more extreme than individual inclinations.
#12
In the context of group dynamics, what is groupthink?
The tendency for group members to seek consensus and minimize conflict
ExplanationGroupthink: desire for harmony in a group leads to irrational decision-making and conformity.
#13
According to the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), what determines the route to persuasion?
The motivation and ability of the audience to process the message
ExplanationElaboration Likelihood Model: persuasion route depends on audience's motivation and ability to process the message.
#14
According to the social exchange theory, what influences the decisions people make in relationships?
The ratio of rewards to costs
ExplanationSocial exchange theory: decisions in relationships based on perceived ratio of rewards to costs.
#15
What is the Zimbardo Prison Experiment famous for?
Studying obedience to authority
ExplanationZimbardo Prison Experiment: infamous study on obedience to authority.