#1
Which theory suggests that people's behaviors are influenced by their social environment and the presence of others?
Social influence theory
ExplanationThe theory posits that individuals' actions are shaped by the social context and the influence of those around them.
#2
What term describes the phenomenon in which the presence of others inhibits individuals from helping in an emergency situation?
Bystander effect
ExplanationThe bystander effect refers to the reduced likelihood of people offering assistance in emergency situations when others are present.
#3
What term refers to the process of changing one's attitudes or behaviors in response to real or imagined pressure from others?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity involves altering one's attitudes or behaviors due to actual or perceived social pressure.
#4
Which term refers to the tendency for people to exert less effort when they are working as part of a group compared to when they are individually accountable?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the tendency to exert less effort in a group setting compared to individual efforts.
#5
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals perform better on tasks in the presence of others, particularly for tasks they are skilled in?
Social facilitation
ExplanationSocial facilitation is the improvement in performance when individuals are in the presence of others, especially for tasks at which they excel.
#6
What term describes the tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationThis is the inclination to explain one's actions based on external factors while interpreting others' actions as stemming from internal traits.
#7
What experiment conducted by Stanley Milgram aimed to investigate obedience to authority figures?
Milgram experiment
ExplanationStanley Milgram's experiment explored individuals' willingness to obey authority figures, even if it meant inflicting harm on others.
#8
Which concept suggests that people are motivated to maintain a consistent self-image by reconciling inconsistencies between their beliefs and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory posits that individuals seek to align their beliefs and actions to maintain internal consistency.
#9
What term describes the tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others?
Social facilitation
ExplanationSocial facilitation refers to the improvement in performance on simple tasks when individuals are in the presence of others.
#10
Which theory proposes that individuals seek to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory suggests that individuals strive to align their attitudes and behaviors to maintain internal consistency.
#11
Which concept suggests that individuals are more likely to conform to a group when they perceive the group to be unanimous?
Asch conformity
ExplanationAsch conformity highlights the tendency to conform when individuals believe the group is in unanimous agreement.
#12
According to the social identity theory, what term describes the tendency to view members of one's own group more favorably than members of an outgroup?
In-group bias
ExplanationSocial identity theory explains the inclination to favorably perceive and identify with members of one's own group.
#13
Which type of conformity occurs when individuals conform to the expectations of a group in order to gain approval or avoid disapproval?
Normative conformity
ExplanationNormative conformity is the tendency to conform to gain social approval or avoid disapproval.
#14
What phenomenon describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively on a task compared to when working alone?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing is the reduction in individual effort when working in a group compared to working alone.
#15
What term describes the tendency to attribute one's own success to internal factors while attributing failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias involves attributing personal successes to internal traits and failures to external factors.