#1
Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation in fitness?
Exercising for the joy of movement
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation involves engaging in an activity for its inherent satisfaction or enjoyment.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a potential barrier to behavior change in the context of fitness and wellness?
Social support
ExplanationSocial support typically facilitates behavior change rather than serving as a barrier.
#3
In the context of goal-setting theory, what does the acronym SMART stand for?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Timely
ExplanationSMART criteria outline specific attributes of effective goal setting: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound.
#4
Which theory of motivation proposes that behavior is driven by the desire to fulfill a hierarchy of needs?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
ExplanationMaslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests that human behavior is motivated by the pursuit of needs arranged in a hierarchy, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.
#5
What is the term for the psychological principle that states behavior that is followed by desirable consequences is more likely to be repeated?
Positive reinforcement
ExplanationPositive reinforcement is a psychological principle where behavior is strengthened by the presentation of a desirable stimulus following that behavior.
#6
What does the term 'self-efficacy' refer to in the context of behavior change?
Belief in one's ability to perform a specific task
ExplanationSelf-efficacy pertains to an individual's belief in their capability to accomplish a particular task or behavior.
#7
Which psychological theory emphasizes the importance of self-determination in behavior change?
Self-Determination Theory
ExplanationSelf-Determination Theory highlights the significance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness in driving behavior change.
#8
What is the concept of 'habit stacking' in the context of behavior change?
Building new habits on top of existing ones
ExplanationHabit stacking involves integrating new behaviors into existing routines to facilitate habit formation.
#9
What is the term for the psychological phenomenon where individuals are more likely to comply with a request if they have already agreed to smaller requests?
Foot-in-the-door technique
ExplanationThe foot-in-the-door technique suggests that compliance with a large request is more likely after agreeing to smaller ones.
#10
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with feelings of pleasure and reward, and is released during exercise?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is a neurotransmitter linked to pleasure, reward, and motivation, often released during physical activity.
#11
Which factor is NOT a component of the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change?
Persistence
ExplanationPersistence is not explicitly outlined as a component in the Transtheoretical Model, which includes stages of change, processes of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance.
#12
What is the term for the psychological state characterized by a lack of motivation and low energy, often experienced by individuals attempting to maintain new habits?
Burnout
ExplanationBurnout refers to a state of emotional and physical exhaustion resulting from prolonged stress or lack of motivation.
#13
What is the term for the psychological process by which individuals compare themselves to others in order to evaluate their own abilities or opinions?
Social comparison
ExplanationSocial comparison involves evaluating one's abilities, opinions, or attributes by comparing them to those of others.
#14
Which psychological theory emphasizes the role of environmental cues and reinforcement in shaping behavior?
Operant Conditioning Theory
ExplanationOperant Conditioning Theory highlights how behavior is influenced by environmental cues and reinforcement, shaping learning and behavior.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a component of the acronym SMART in goal-setting?
Reflective
ExplanationWhile Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Timely are components of SMART goals, 'Reflective' is not typically included in the acronym.