#1
Which of the following is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in activities?
Major depressive disorder
ExplanationPersistent feelings of sadness and lack of interest.
#2
What is the primary symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
Flashbacks and nightmares
ExplanationRecurrent, intrusive memories and nightmares.
#3
Which of the following is a dissociative disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identity states?
Dissociative identity disorder
ExplanationCoexistence of multiple identity states.
#4
What is the primary characteristic of a social anxiety disorder?
Intense, irrational fear of social judgment or scrutiny
ExplanationExtreme fear of negative evaluation in social situations.
#5
Which of the following is a mood disorder characterized by cycling between episodes of mania and depression?
Bipolar disorder
ExplanationAlternating periods of mania and depression.
#6
What is the primary characteristic of an anxiety disorder?
Persistent fear and worry
ExplanationContinual feelings of fear and apprehension.
#7
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with mood regulation and is implicated in disorders such as depression?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin plays a role in mood regulation.
#8
Which psychological disorder is characterized by a disconnect from reality, including hallucinations and delusions?
Schizophrenia
ExplanationLoss of touch with reality, hallucinations, and delusions.
#9
What is the primary focus of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in treating psychological disorders?
Changing patterns of thinking and behavior
ExplanationModifying cognitive distortions and maladaptive behaviors.
#10
What is the primary symptom of a specific phobia?
Intense, irrational fear of a specific object or situation
ExplanationExtreme and unreasonable fear reaction to a stimulus.
#11
What is a common characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Repetitive thoughts and behaviors
ExplanationRecurrent, unwanted thoughts and behaviors.
#12
Which of the following is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity?
Autism spectrum disorder
ExplanationChallenges in attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
#13
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with the regulation of mood and sleep-wake cycles?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin impacts mood and sleep-wake cycles.
#14
What is the primary characteristic of a somatic symptom disorder?
Physical symptoms without a clear medical cause
ExplanationPhysical complaints without medical explanation.
#15
What is the primary characteristic of a panic disorder?
Sudden, intense episodes of fear and physical symptoms
ExplanationAbrupt onset of extreme fear and physical sensations.