Psychological Development and Processes Quiz

Schema refers to a mental framework used to organize and interpret information.

This stage involves the development of basic trust or mistrust in oneself and others.

Attachment refers to the strong emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver, crucial for social and emotional development.

Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs, with self-actualization representing the fulfillment of one's potential.

Adolescence is the stage where individuals grapple with issues of identity and may experience confusion or solidify their sense of self.

Receptive is not a stage in Piaget's theory; instead, his stages are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.

Accommodation is the adjustment of existing mental structures to fit new information or experiences.

Catastrophizing involves perceiving a situation as far worse or more negative than it is in reality.

At the preconventional level, moral reasoning is based on avoiding punishment and seeking rewards, focusing on self-interest.

Conformity is the tendency to align one's beliefs and behaviors with those of the group, often despite personal disagreement.

The id is the primitive part of the psyche driven by the pleasure principle, operating unconsciously.

The collective unconscious is a concept from Jungian psychology and is not a component of Bandura's social cognitive theory.

Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible, a key concept in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

At the postconventional level, individuals base moral decisions on abstract principles of justice and human rights, rather than on personal gain or societal norms.

Laura Carstensen proposed the socioemotional selectivity theory, which suggests that as individuals age, they prioritize emotionally meaningful relationships and goals over those that are more future-oriented.