#1
Which of the following is a defense mechanism identified by Freud?
Projection
ExplanationDefense mechanism involving attributing one's own unacceptable impulses to others.
#2
Who proposed the concept of 'Hierarchy of Needs'?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationPsychologist who proposed the hierarchy of human needs, ranging from physiological to self-actualization.
#3
What term is used to describe the gap between what one wants to do and what one actually does?
Intention-action gap
ExplanationDiscrepancy between intentions and actions.
#4
Who is known for the theory of multiple intelligences, which suggests that intelligence is not a single, fixed trait?
Howard Gardner
ExplanationPsychologist who proposed theory of multiple intelligences.
#5
Which psychologist is known for his work on classical conditioning with dogs?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationPsychologist known for classical conditioning experiments with dogs.
#6
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals tend to perform better in the presence of others?
Social facilitation
ExplanationTendency for people to perform better on tasks when in the presence of others.
#7
According to the stages of grief proposed by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which stage involves accepting the reality of the loss?
Acceptance
ExplanationFinal stage in grief process where the individual accepts the reality of the loss.
#8
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationNeurotransmitter associated with pleasure, reward, and motivation.
#9
What phenomenon refers to the tendency to recall the first and last items in a series more easily?
Serial position effect
ExplanationTendency to recall first and last items in a series more readily.
#10
Who proposed the theory of cognitive development, which includes stages such as sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationPsychologist known for theory of cognitive development.
#11
What concept in psychology refers to the tendency of people to attribute their successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationTendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
#12
According to Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, what is the primary conflict during adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationPrimary psychosocial conflict during adolescence.
#13
In operant conditioning, what term describes the process of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus?
Negative punishment
ExplanationProcess of weakening a behavior by removing a desired stimulus.
#14
What concept in social psychology explains the tendency for individuals to conform to a group's norms, even if it goes against their own beliefs?
Normative social influence
ExplanationTendency for individuals to conform to group norms to gain social approval or avoid rejection.
#15
What concept refers to the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behaviors?
False consensus effect
ExplanationTendency to overestimate how much others share our beliefs and behaviors.