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Psychological Concepts and Principles Quiz

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Which psychological concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?

Projection

Explanation

Attributing one's own thoughts and feelings to others.

What is the term for the process of changing existing schemas or creating new ones to adapt to new information?

Accommodation

Explanation

Changing schemas to adapt to new information.

Which type of reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior?

Negative reinforcement

Explanation

Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase behavior.

What is the term for the tendency to attribute other people's behaviors to internal factors and our own behaviors to situational factors?

Actor-observer bias

Explanation

Attributing others' behaviors to internal factors and our own to situational factors.

What term is used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember information better when it is presented at the beginning and end of a list?

Serial position effect

Explanation

Better memory for first and last items in a list.

In classical conditioning, what term describes the weakening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus?

Extinction

Explanation

Weakening of a conditioned response without the unconditioned stimulus.

Which influential psychologist proposed the hierarchy of needs, suggesting that human motivation is based on a pyramid of priorities?

Abraham Maslow

Explanation

Hierarchy of needs by Maslow.

Which neurotransmitter is often associated with pleasure, reward, and mood regulation?

Dopamine

Explanation

Neurotransmitter associated with pleasure, reward, and mood regulation.

Who is known for the social identity theory, proposing that individuals categorize themselves and others into social groups to enhance their self-esteem?

Tajfel and Turner

Explanation

Social identity theory by Tajfel and Turner.

#10

In the context of memory, what term is used for the inability to recall information that was previously stored in memory?

Retrograde amnesia

Explanation

Inability to recall previously stored information.

#11

Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that intelligence is not a single, fixed trait but a collection of distinct abilities?

Howard Gardner

Explanation

Theory of multiple intelligences by Gardner.

#12

Who developed the concept of operant conditioning and introduced the Skinner Box as a tool for studying behavior?

B.F. Skinner

Explanation

Concept of operant conditioning and Skinner Box by B.F. Skinner.

#13

What term is used to describe the cognitive bias where individuals tend to attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors?

Self-serving bias

Explanation

Attributing successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.

#14

In the context of memory, what term is used for the phenomenon where an old memory interferes with the recall of a new memory?

Proactive interference

Explanation

Old memory interferes with the recall of a new memory.

#15

What term is used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember the first and last items in a list better than those in the middle?

Serial position effect

Explanation

Better memory for first and last items in a list.

#16

According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary crisis in the stage of adolescence?

Identity vs. Role Confusion

Explanation

Identity vs. Role Confusion in adolescence.

#17

What term is used for the tendency to remember and emphasize information that confirms our existing beliefs or attitudes?

Confirmation bias

Explanation

Remembering and emphasizing information that confirms existing beliefs.

#18

According to Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, what term describes the process of learning by observing and imitating others?

Modeling

Explanation

Learning by observing and imitating.

#19

In the context of memory, what term is used to describe the process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored?

Retrieval

Explanation

Bringing to mind previously stored information.

Psychological Concepts and Principles Quiz

Which psychological concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?

What is the term for the process of changing existing schemas or creating new ones to adapt to new information?

Which type of reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior?

What is the term for the tendency to attribute other people's behaviors to internal factors and our own behaviors to situational factors?

What term is used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember information better when it is presented at the beginning and end of a list?

In classical conditioning, what term describes the weakening of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus?

Which influential psychologist proposed the hierarchy of needs, suggesting that human motivation is based on a pyramid of priorities?

Which neurotransmitter is often associated with pleasure, reward, and mood regulation?

Who is known for the social identity theory, proposing that individuals categorize themselves and others into social groups to enhance their self-esteem?

In the context of memory, what term is used for the inability to recall information that was previously stored in memory?

Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences, suggesting that intelligence is not a single, fixed trait but a collection of distinct abilities?

Who developed the concept of operant conditioning and introduced the Skinner Box as a tool for studying behavior?

What term is used to describe the cognitive bias where individuals tend to attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors?

In the context of memory, what term is used for the phenomenon where an old memory interferes with the recall of a new memory?

What term is used to describe the phenomenon where people tend to remember the first and last items in a list better than those in the middle?

According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the primary crisis in the stage of adolescence?

What term is used for the tendency to remember and emphasize information that confirms our existing beliefs or attitudes?

According to Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory, what term describes the process of learning by observing and imitating others?

In the context of memory, what term is used to describe the process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored?

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