Principles of Psychology and Behavioral Learning Quiz

Pavlov demonstrated how associations between stimuli could lead to learned responses.

Reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior occurring by presenting a favorable stimulus.

Primary reinforcers are inherently rewarding due to their biological significance.

Generalization occurs when stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus elicit the conditioned response.

Habituation is a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure, when the stimulus is neither harmful nor rewarding.

Stimulus is any object or event that elicits a response in an organism.

Shaping involves reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior.

CBT focuses on identifying and modifying unhealthy thoughts and behaviors.

Extinction occurs when a conditioned response decreases or disappears due to lack of reinforcement.

The Law of Effect states that the consequences of a behavior determine its likelihood of being repeated.

A conditioned response is a learned reaction to a previously neutral stimulus.

Behaviorism emphasizes the role of environmental stimuli in determining behavior.

Classical conditioning forms associations between stimuli, while operant conditioning forms associations between behaviors and their consequences.

Spontaneous recovery is the sudden reappearance of a conditioned response after it had been extinguished.

Vicarious reinforcement involves learning from the consequences of others' behavior.

Extinction in classical conditioning refers to the fading away of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Bandura's work emphasized the importance of observational learning and modeling.

Self-efficacy influences the choices individuals make and their perseverance in the face of obstacles.

Encoding involves converting sensory information into a form that the brain can use and store.

Discrimination involves responding differently to similar stimuli based on their association with reinforcement.

Shaping involves reinforcing behaviors that are increasingly similar to the desired behavior.

Classical conditioning fails to account for the influence of cognitive factors on behavior.

Extinction occurs when a previously reinforced behavior decreases in frequency due to lack of reinforcement.

Reciprocal determinism suggests that personal factors, environmental influences, and behaviors all interact and influence each other.

Punishment decreases the likelihood of a behavior recurring by presenting an aversive consequence.