#1
Which of the following is an example of prejudice?
A manager refusing to hire someone because of their race
ExplanationPrejudice is demonstrated when someone is unfairly judged or treated based on characteristics like race.
#2
What is discrimination?
The unfair treatment of people based on their group membership
ExplanationDiscrimination involves treating individuals unfairly due to their affiliation with a particular group.
#3
Which theory suggests that stereotypes are the result of categorization and socialization processes?
Social cognitive theory
ExplanationSocial cognitive theory posits that stereotypes emerge from cognitive processes and social influences.
#4
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals' performance is influenced by awareness of stereotypes about their group?
Stereotype threat
ExplanationStereotype threat is the impact of stereotypes on an individual's performance due to the fear of conforming to those stereotypes.
#5
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudice involves biased attitudes, while discrimination involves unfair treatment.
ExplanationPrejudice refers to biased beliefs, while discrimination pertains to unjust actions based on those beliefs.
#6
Which psychological theory suggests that people have a natural tendency to categorize objects and individuals?
Category-based processing theory
ExplanationCategory-based processing theory posits a natural inclination to categorize objects and individuals for cognitive efficiency.
#7
What is a microaggression?
A subtle, often unintentional, expression of prejudice
ExplanationMicroaggressions are subtle, usually unintentional acts or comments that convey prejudiced attitudes.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a strategy for reducing prejudice?
Encouraging segregation between groups
ExplanationEncouraging segregation exacerbates prejudice instead of mitigating it, contrary to effective strategies.
#9
Which of the following is an example of institutional discrimination?
A law prohibiting same-sex marriage
ExplanationInstitutional discrimination involves systemic unfair treatment, such as laws that target specific groups.
#10
According to social identity theory, what motivates individuals to categorize themselves and others into groups?
The need to maintain a positive self-concept
ExplanationSocial identity theory suggests that individuals categorize themselves and others to enhance their self-esteem and maintain a positive self-concept.
#11
Which psychological theory suggests that stereotypes serve as cognitive shortcuts to simplify the complex social world?
Social cognitive theory
ExplanationStereotypes, as proposed by social cognitive theory, serve as mental shortcuts to simplify the intricate social landscape.