#1
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?
Fourth Amendment
ExplanationProtects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
#2
What does Miranda rights refer to?
The right to remain silent and the right to an attorney
ExplanationRights to silence and an attorney during interrogation.
#3
What is 'reasonable suspicion'?
A lower standard of proof than probable cause, allowing for brief stops and detentions by law enforcement
ExplanationLower standard than probable cause for brief stops by law enforcement.
#4
What is the 'double jeopardy' clause of the Fifth Amendment?
The protection against being tried for the same crime twice
ExplanationProtection against being tried for the same crime twice.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Miranda rights?
The right to a phone call
ExplanationPhone call right is not included in Miranda rights.
#6
Which Supreme Court case established the 'exclusionary rule'?
Mapp v. Ohio
ExplanationEstablished the exclusion of illegally obtained evidence.
#7
What is the 'plain view' doctrine?
A doctrine allowing police to seize evidence without a warrant if it's in plain view
ExplanationAllows seizing evidence in plain sight without a warrant.
#8
What is the 'stop and frisk' procedure?
A procedure allowing police to stop and search individuals they reasonably suspect are involved in criminal activity
ExplanationAllows police to stop and search based on reasonable suspicion.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a requirement for a valid search warrant?
The suspect's consent
ExplanationConsent of the suspect is not required for a valid search warrant.
#10
What is the 'reasonable expectation of privacy'?
An objective standard used by courts to determine if a search or seizure violates the Fourth Amendment
ExplanationStandard used by courts to assess Fourth Amendment violations.
#11
What is the 'fruit of the poisonous tree' doctrine?
Evidence obtained indirectly from illegal actions is also tainted and inadmissible
ExplanationIllegally obtained evidence and its derivatives are inadmissible.
#12
In which case did the Supreme Court establish the 'good faith' exception to the exclusionary rule?
Herring v. United States
ExplanationEstablished the exception when police act in good faith.
#13
What is the 'community caretaking' exception to the Fourth Amendment?
An exception that allows police to conduct warrantless searches for the purpose of community safety or well-being
ExplanationException allowing warrantless searches for community safety.
#14
Which Supreme Court case held that evidence obtained through a violation of the knock-and-announce rule is still admissible?
Hudson v. Michigan
ExplanationAdmissible evidence even if obtained through a rule violation.
#15
What does the 'exclusionary rule' entail?
Evidence obtained indirectly from illegal actions is also tainted and inadmissible
ExplanationIllegally obtained evidence and its derivatives are inadmissible.