#1
Which of the following is considered an introverted personality trait?
Introversion
ExplanationIntroversion is characterized by inward focus, preferring solitude over social interactions.
#2
What is the Big Five personality trait known as the emotional stability or instability?
Neuroticism
ExplanationNeuroticism refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions such as anxiety and depression.
#3
According to the psychoanalytic theory, what part of the personality operates on the pleasure principle and seeks immediate gratification?
Id
ExplanationThe Id, according to Freud, is the primitive part of personality driven by instinctual desires and operates on the pleasure principle.
#4
Which type of intelligence is related to understanding and managing one's own emotions and the emotions of others?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationEmotional intelligence involves the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions and those of others.
#5
Which psychological theory suggests that personality is influenced by unconscious desires and early childhood experiences?
Psychoanalytic theory
ExplanationPsychoanalytic theory, proposed by Sigmund Freud, emphasizes the role of unconscious processes in shaping personality.
#6
What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own thoughts and feelings to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's own feelings or traits onto others.
#7
Which of the following is associated with the self-concept and the need for personal growth and fulfillment?
Self-actualization
ExplanationSelf-actualization refers to the realization of one's potential and pursuit of personal fulfillment.
#8
In the context of personality development, what does the term 'self-efficacy' refer to?
Belief in one's ability to accomplish tasks
ExplanationSelf-efficacy is the belief in one's capability to successfully complete tasks and achieve goals.
#9
According to Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, what is the primary challenge during the adolescence stage?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
ExplanationAdolescents face the challenge of establishing a sense of identity while navigating societal roles.
#10
Which personality assessment tool uses a series of true/false questions to measure psychological preferences in how people perceive the world?
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
ExplanationMBTI assesses personality based on preferences in perception and decision-making.
#11
According to Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need must be satisfied before moving on to higher-level needs?
Physiological needs
ExplanationPhysiological needs such as food, water, and shelter must be met before addressing higher-level needs.
#12
Who proposed the social-cognitive theory, emphasizing the role of observational learning and self-efficacy in personality development?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura introduced the social-cognitive theory, highlighting the influence of observation and personal beliefs on behavior.