#1
Which of the following is a common symptom of a heart attack?
Chest pain or discomfort
ExplanationClassic symptom indicating myocardial ischemia.
#2
What is the standard protocol for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) chest compressions?
100-120 compressions per minute
ExplanationMaintains perfusion to vital organs during cardiac arrest.
#3
Which medication is commonly prescribed to manage hypertension?
Lisinopril
ExplanationAn ACE inhibitor, reduces blood pressure.
#4
What is the typical dietary recommendation for patients with heart failure?
Low-sodium diet
ExplanationReduces fluid retention and symptoms.
#5
What is the primary purpose of beta-blockers in cardiology?
To decrease heart rate and workload
ExplanationReduces myocardial oxygen demand.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Age
ExplanationAge is a non-modifiable risk factor.
#7
Which cardiac imaging technique utilizes sound waves to create images of the heart?
Echocardiography
ExplanationNon-invasive, provides detailed cardiac anatomy.
#8
Which condition is characterized by irregular heartbeats that can lead to dizziness and fainting?
Atrial fibrillation
ExplanationMost common sustained arrhythmia.
#9
What is the primary purpose of a pacemaker in cardiology?
To regulate heart rhythm
ExplanationCorrects bradycardia or pauses in heart rhythm.
#10
What is the primary purpose of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)?
To deliver electric shocks to stop dangerous heart rhythms
ExplanationPrevents sudden cardiac death by defibrillation.
#11
Which condition is characterized by the buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle?
Atherosclerosis
ExplanationLeads to ischemia and infarction.