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Nursing Assessment and Management of Diabetes Mellitus Quiz

#1

Which of the following is a common symptom of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus?

Frequent urination
Explanation

Result of elevated blood glucose levels leading to increased urine production.

#2

Which type of diabetes is primarily due to insulin resistance or relative insulin deficiency?

Type 2 diabetes
Explanation

Characterized by cells resisting the effects of insulin or inadequate insulin production.

#3

What is the primary goal of diabetes management?

To achieve glycemic control and prevent complications
Explanation

Main aim is to maintain stable blood glucose levels to minimize health risks.

#4

Which of the following is a rapid-acting insulin analog?

Insulin lispro
Explanation

Formulation designed for quicker onset and shorter duration compared to regular insulin.

#5

What is the term for a sudden, severe complication of diabetes characterized by high blood sugar, dehydration, and ketones in urine?

Diabetic ketoacidosis
Explanation

Life-threatening condition requiring immediate medical intervention.

#6

What is the recommended HbA1c level for most adults with diabetes according to ADA guidelines?

Between 6.5% to 7%
Explanation

Target range to reduce risk of long-term complications while avoiding hypoglycemia.

#7

Which of the following is not a long-term complication of diabetes mellitus?

Arthritis
Explanation

While diabetes can exacerbate arthritis symptoms, it is not a direct complication.

#8

What is the main dietary recommendation for individuals with diabetes mellitus?

Balanced carbohydrate intake
Explanation

Focus on managing carbohydrate intake to control blood sugar levels.

#9

Which medication is commonly used to treat diabetic neuropathy?

Gabapentin
Explanation

Effective in managing nerve pain often associated with diabetic neuropathy.

#10

What is the function of glucagon in the body?

To increase blood sugar levels
Explanation

Acts opposite to insulin, stimulating the liver to release glucose.

#11

Which insulin injection site is known for its faster absorption rate?

Abdomen
Explanation

Due to higher blood flow, insulin injected in the abdomen absorbs more quickly.

#12

Which of the following is a potential complication of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Hyperkalemia
Explanation

Result of potassium shifting out of cells as acidosis progresses.

#13

What is the main mechanism of action of metformin in treating type 2 diabetes?

Reducing insulin resistance
Explanation

Enhances cellular response to insulin, improving glucose uptake and utilization.

#14

Which medication is commonly used to treat diabetic gastroparesis?

Reglan (metoclopramide)
Explanation

Helps alleviate delayed stomach emptying, a common symptom of gastroparesis.

#15

Which of the following statements is true regarding the role of exercise in diabetes management?

Regular exercise can improve insulin sensitivity and blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes.
Explanation

Promotes glucose uptake by muscles, reducing reliance on insulin for blood sugar control.

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