Muscle Physiology and Neurotransmission Quiz

Explore neuromuscular physiology with questions on neurotransmitters, muscle tissue, sarcomere, motor neurons, ATP, and more. Test yourself now!

#1

Which neurotransmitter is primarily responsible for muscle contraction?

Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Serotonin
GABA
#2

What is the functional unit of a muscle fiber called?

Myofibril
Sarcomere
Myosin
Actin
#3

Which part of the nervous system controls voluntary muscle movements?

Autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Central nervous system
#4

What is the process by which a muscle increases in size due to repeated use?

Atrophy
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Apoptosis
#5

What is the term for the smallest functional unit of a muscle contraction?

Sarcoplasm
Myofilament
Myofibril
Sarcomere
#6

Which of the following is NOT a type of muscle tissue?

Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Dermal muscle
#7

During muscle contraction, what happens to the sarcomere?

It lengthens
It shortens
It remains unchanged
It contracts randomly
#8

What is the name of the specialized structure where a motor neuron meets a muscle fiber?

Neuromuscular junction
Synaptic cleft
Motor end plate
Axon terminal
#9

Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine to terminate its action at the neuromuscular junction?

Acetylcholinesterase
Monoamine oxidase
Phosphodiesterase
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
#10

Which type of muscle fibers are primarily responsible for prolonged, endurance-based activities?

Type I fibers
Type IIa fibers
Type IIb fibers
Type III fibers
#11

Which ion is primarily responsible for initiating muscle contraction?

Sodium
Potassium
Calcium
Chloride
#12

What is the main function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

To store calcium ions
To synthesize proteins
To produce ATP
To generate heat
#13

Which protein covers the active sites on actin molecules and prevents myosin from binding during muscle relaxation?

Troponin
Myosin
Tropomyosin
Actinin
#14

What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate, releasing energy for muscle contraction?

ATPase
Myosin kinase
Creatine kinase
Acetylcholinesterase
#15

What is the primary function of calcium ions during muscle contraction?

To trigger the release of acetylcholine
To bind to troponin and initiate muscle contraction
To hydrolyze ATP and release energy
To inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine

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