#1
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
ExplanationHierarchy of Needs Theory proposes that people are driven by a hierarchical arrangement of physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization needs.
#2
Which motivational theory emphasizes the role of expectancy, instrumentality, and valence in predicting work motivation?
Expectancy Theory
ExplanationExpectancy Theory highlights the importance of individuals' beliefs about effort leading to performance, performance leading to rewards, and the perceived value of those rewards.
#3
Which theory suggests that people are motivated by their perceived chances of success and the value they place on the rewards they will receive?
Expectancy Theory
ExplanationExpectancy Theory posits that motivation is influenced by the belief that effort will lead to performance and performance will lead to desired rewards, with the perceived value of those rewards playing a crucial role.
#4
Which motivational theory suggests that individuals are motivated by their perceived inequities in the workplace and strive for fairness?
Equity Theory
ExplanationEquity Theory asserts that individuals are motivated by perceptions of fairness in the distribution of rewards and resources in the workplace.
#5
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need is related to the desire for self-esteem, confidence, and respect from others?
Esteem Needs
ExplanationEsteem Needs in Maslow's hierarchy involve the desire for self-esteem, confidence, and recognition from others, playing a crucial role in motivation.
#6
What is the term for the psychological discomfort a person experiences when his or her attitudes and behavior are inconsistent?
Cognitive Dissonance
ExplanationCognitive Dissonance refers to the mental discomfort resulting from holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes, leading individuals to seek consistency.
#7
According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which factors are considered as hygiene factors?
Salary and Working Conditions
ExplanationHygiene factors in Herzberg's theory include elements like salary and working conditions, which, when lacking, can cause dissatisfaction but, when present, may not significantly increase satisfaction.
#8
What is the term for the extent to which an employee feels a sense of personal accomplishment and believes their work is meaningful?
Job Engagement
ExplanationJob Engagement refers to an employee's emotional involvement, satisfaction, and sense of accomplishment in their work.
#9
Which factor in Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory is related to the intrinsic aspects of the work itself?
Achievement
ExplanationAchievement, in Herzberg's theory, is a motivator factor associated with intrinsic aspects of the job that contribute to job satisfaction.
#10
What is the term for the phenomenon where employees leave their jobs due to dissatisfaction but remain physically present while mentally disengaged?
Presenteeism
ExplanationPresenteeism refers to employees physically being present at work while mentally disengaged, often due to dissatisfaction or burnout.
#11
What is the term for the degree to which a job requires a variety of activities to complete the task and involves the use of different skills and talents?
Task Variety
ExplanationTask Variety refers to the extent a job demands diverse activities and the utilization of various skills and talents.
#12
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which need is at the highest level of the hierarchy?
Self-Actualization Needs
ExplanationSelf-Actualization Needs, according to Maslow, represent the highest level in the hierarchy, involving the realization of personal potential and fulfillment of one's capabilities.
#13
In the context of job satisfaction, what does the term 'job burnout' refer to?
Chronic workplace stress
ExplanationJob burnout is characterized by chronic workplace stress leading to physical and emotional exhaustion, often resulting in reduced job performance and satisfaction.
#14
Which leadership style is characterized by a high concern for people and a low concern for the task?
Democratic Leadership
ExplanationDemocratic Leadership involves prioritizing employee well-being and involvement in decision-making over a strict focus on task completion.
#15
What is the term for the process of redesigning jobs to increase job satisfaction and motivation?
Job Enrichment
ExplanationJob Enrichment involves modifying job roles to enhance employee satisfaction and motivation by increasing the meaningfulness and complexity of tasks.