#1
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs?
Hierarchy of needs theory
ExplanationMaslow's theory proposing motivation based on fulfilling hierarchical needs.
#2
What is a common feature of intrinsic motivation?
Self-generated satisfaction
ExplanationEngaging in activities for inherent enjoyment, leading to self-generated satisfaction.
#3
Which theory of motivation suggests that individuals are motivated to reduce a state of tension?
Drive theory
ExplanationMotivation driven by the desire to reduce internal tension, as proposed by drive theory.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the biopsychosocial model of health?
Economic factors
ExplanationExclusion from the components of the biopsychosocial health model.
#5
Which type of stress is typically short-term and can be motivating?
Eustress
ExplanationShort-term, motivating stress is referred to as eustress.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome proposed by Hans Selye?
Coping
ExplanationExclusion from the stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome proposed by Hans Selye.
#7
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by the discrepancy between their current state and a desired state?
Expectancy theory
ExplanationMotivation arising from the gap between current and desired states, as proposed by expectancy theory.
#8
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with the brain's reward system and motivation?
Dopamine
ExplanationNeurotransmitter linked to pleasure, reward, and motivation.
#9
According to self-determination theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, competence, relatedness
ExplanationBasic psychological needs driving human behavior according to self-determination theory.
#10
What term describes the perception that one has control over their own behavior and goals?
Locus of control
ExplanationThe perception of control over one's behavior and goals, known as locus of control.
#11
Which type of motivation involves engaging in activities because they are inherently interesting or enjoyable?
Intrinsic motivation
ExplanationEngaging in activities for inherent interest or enjoyment defines intrinsic motivation.
#12
Which personality trait is associated with a higher likelihood of developing stress-related illnesses?
Neuroticism
ExplanationThe personality trait linked to a higher risk of stress-related illnesses is neuroticism.
#13
What is the term for a situation where a person experiences conflicting motivations that produce stress?
Cognitive dissonance
ExplanationConflicting motivations causing stress are described as cognitive dissonance.
#14
Which coping strategy involves reframing a stressful situation to see it in a more positive light?
Reappraisal
ExplanationCoping strategy involving viewing a stressful situation more positively is reappraisal.
#15
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals experience decreased motivation when others are present?
Social loafing
ExplanationDecreased motivation in the presence of others, known as social loafing.
#16
What is the term for the process of imagining and simulating future events?
Prospection
ExplanationThe mental process of imagining and simulating future events is termed prospection.
#17
Which hormone, released by the adrenal glands, is associated with the 'fight or flight' response?
Adrenaline
ExplanationHormone linked to the 'fight or flight' response, released by the adrenal glands, is adrenaline.
#18
What term describes the ability to bounce back from adversity and maintain psychological well-being?
Resilience
ExplanationThe ability to rebound from adversity and maintain psychological well-being is termed resilience.
#19
What is the term for the process of setting specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound goals?
SMART goals
ExplanationThe process of setting goals adhering to specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time-bound criteria is termed SMART goals.