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Motivation and Cognitive Processes in Personality Psychology Quiz

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Which theory suggests that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs, with basic needs at the bottom and higher-order needs at the top?

Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Explanation

Motivation structured by a pyramid of needs, from basic survival to self-actualization.

According to the Expectancy-Value Theory, what two factors influence an individual's motivation to engage in a particular behavior?

Expectancy and Value

Explanation

Motivation influenced by belief in success (expectancy) and value placed on the outcome.

According to the concept of self-efficacy in social cognitive theory, what does self-efficacy refer to?

One's belief in their ability to perform specific tasks

Explanation

Confidence in one's capability to accomplish tasks.

Which theory posits that individuals are motivated to achieve and maintain a level of physiological and psychological balance?

Homeostasis Theory

Explanation

Motivation to maintain internal equilibrium.

According to the Theory of Planned Behavior, what three factors influence behavioral intentions?

Attitude, Subjective norms, Perceived behavioral control

Explanation

Behavioral intentions are influenced by attitude, social norms, and perceived control.

According to the Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?

Competence, Relatedness, Autonomy

Explanation

Human behavior is driven by the need for competence, connection, and autonomy.

What is the term for the phenomenon where people tend to attribute their successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?

Self-serving bias

Explanation

Tendency to credit oneself for success and blame external factors for failure.

In the context of motivation, what does the term 'intrinsic motivation' refer to?

Motivation driven by internal factors and personal enjoyment

Explanation

Engagement in activities for personal fulfillment rather than external rewards.

Which stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model is characterized by the body's resources being depleted and increased vulnerability to illness?

Exhaustion

Explanation

Stage of stress response marked by depleted resources and heightened susceptibility to illness.

#10

Which type of motivation is characterized by engaging in an activity for the inherent satisfaction it provides, rather than for an external reward or punishment?

Intrinsic motivation

Explanation

Engagement in activities driven by internal satisfaction rather than external incentives.

#11

According to the Drive Reduction Theory, what is the primary goal of motivated behavior?

Maintaining homeostasis

Explanation

Motivated behavior aims to restore physiological equilibrium.

#12

According to Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, what is the process through which individuals learn by observing others and imitating their behavior?

Modeling

Explanation

Learning behavior by observing and imitating others.

#13

Which neurotransmitter is often associated with reward and pleasure, playing a role in motivation and reinforcement?

Dopamine

Explanation

Neurotransmitter linked with pleasure and motivation.

#14

What term is used to describe the tendency to overestimate the role of dispositional factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors when explaining other people's behavior?

Attribution bias

Explanation

Tendency to attribute behavior to individual traits while overlooking situational influences.

#15

According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law, what is the relationship between arousal and performance?

Inverted U-shaped curve

Explanation

Performance is optimal at moderate arousal levels, declining at both low and high arousal.

#16

What is the term for the psychological discomfort that arises when there is a discrepancy between one's attitudes and behavior?

Cognitive dissonance

Explanation

Discomfort from inconsistency between beliefs and actions.

#17

In the context of achievement motivation, what does the term 'mastery orientation' refer to?

The focus on developing and improving skills

Explanation

Orientation toward mastering skills and improving performance.

Motivation and Cognitive Processes in Personality Psychology Quiz

Which theory suggests that people are motivated by a hierarchy of needs, with basic needs at the bottom and higher-order needs at the top?

According to the Expectancy-Value Theory, what two factors influence an individual's motivation to engage in a particular behavior?

According to the concept of self-efficacy in social cognitive theory, what does self-efficacy refer to?

Which theory posits that individuals are motivated to achieve and maintain a level of physiological and psychological balance?

According to the Theory of Planned Behavior, what three factors influence behavioral intentions?

According to the Self-Determination Theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?

What is the term for the phenomenon where people tend to attribute their successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?

In the context of motivation, what does the term 'intrinsic motivation' refer to?

Which stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model is characterized by the body's resources being depleted and increased vulnerability to illness?

Which type of motivation is characterized by engaging in an activity for the inherent satisfaction it provides, rather than for an external reward or punishment?

According to the Drive Reduction Theory, what is the primary goal of motivated behavior?

According to Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, what is the process through which individuals learn by observing others and imitating their behavior?

Which neurotransmitter is often associated with reward and pleasure, playing a role in motivation and reinforcement?

What term is used to describe the tendency to overestimate the role of dispositional factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors when explaining other people's behavior?

According to the Yerkes-Dodson Law, what is the relationship between arousal and performance?

What is the term for the psychological discomfort that arises when there is a discrepancy between one's attitudes and behavior?

In the context of achievement motivation, what does the term 'mastery orientation' refer to?

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