#1
What is the first step in the ABCDE approach for medical assessment?
Airway
ExplanationEnsuring the airway is clear is the initial priority to maintain breathing.
#2
What is the most common cause of cardiac arrest in adults?
Heart attack
ExplanationA heart attack, or myocardial infarction, is the leading cause of cardiac arrest.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a stroke?
Sudden severe chest pain
ExplanationWhile chest pain can indicate other conditions, it's not typically associated with stroke.
#4
What does the acronym 'FAST' stand for in recognizing stroke symptoms?
Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulties, Time to call emergency services
ExplanationFAST helps identify common stroke symptoms for prompt medical intervention.
#5
Which of the following is a common symptom of anaphylaxis?
Increased heart rate
ExplanationAn increased heart rate is a typical symptom of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.
#6
What is the first step in managing a suspected spinal injury?
Immobilize the spine
ExplanationImmobilization is crucial to prevent further damage and minimize the risk of paralysis.
#7
What does the 'RICE' protocol stand for in treating acute injuries?
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
ExplanationRICE helps reduce pain and swelling in acute injuries by promoting healing and reducing inflammation.
#8
What does the acronym 'CPR' stand for in medical emergency response?
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
ExplanationCPR involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to revive a person whose heart has stopped.
#9
Which of the following is a sign of shock?
Cool, clammy skin
ExplanationCool, clammy skin is indicative of shock, a serious medical condition.
#10
Which of the following is NOT a basic step in splinting a fractured limb?
Straighten the limb immediately to reduce pain
ExplanationStraightening a fractured limb without proper training can worsen the injury and cause more pain.
#11
What is the recommended position for a conscious person experiencing difficulty breathing?
Semi-Fowler's position
ExplanationSemi-Fowler's position helps ease breathing difficulties by opening the airway.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?
Severe headache
ExplanationWhile chest pain is common, a severe headache is not typically associated with a heart attack.
#13
What is the appropriate action for a person who is experiencing a seizure?
Clear the area around the person and protect their head
ExplanationCreating a safe environment and protecting the person's head can prevent injury during a seizure.
#14
Which of the following is NOT a sign of a tension pneumothorax?
Hyperresonance to percussion on the affected side
ExplanationHyperresonance is a sign of a pneumothorax, but not specifically tension pneumothorax.
#15
What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale?
To evaluate consciousness
ExplanationThe Glasgow Coma Scale assesses a person's level of consciousness after a head injury.
#16
What is the primary purpose of the 'SAMPLE' history mnemonic in emergency medical assessment?
To gather information about the patient's medical history
ExplanationSAMPLE helps responders obtain crucial medical history for appropriate treatment.
#17
What is the recommended ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths during CPR for adults?
30 compressions to 2 breaths
ExplanationThis ratio ensures adequate circulation and oxygenation during CPR for adults.
#18
What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes?
Congenital heart defects
ExplanationCongenital heart defects are often responsible for sudden cardiac arrest in young athletes.
#19
Which of the following is a sign of compartment syndrome?
Numbness and tingling in the affected area
ExplanationNumbness and tingling can indicate nerve damage and compartment syndrome, a serious condition requiring urgent treatment.