#1
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be met first?
Physiological needs
ExplanationBasic needs such as food, water, and shelter.
#2
Who proposed the Two-Factor Theory of motivation?
Frederick Herzberg
ExplanationSuggested job satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from different factors.
#3
According to Frederick Herzberg, which factors are related to job satisfaction?
Motivators
ExplanationFactors like recognition, achievement, and responsibility leading to satisfaction.
#4
Who introduced the concept of 'Theory Y'?
Douglas McGregor
ExplanationProposed employees are self-motivated and enjoy responsibility.
#5
According to McGregor, what is the managerial assumption in Theory Y?
Employees are self-motivated and seek responsibility
ExplanationAssumes employees are capable and seek out responsibility.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a component of Victor Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
Equity
ExplanationNot directly related to Vroom's theory; focuses on effort, performance, and outcomes.
#7
What does the 'X' stand for in Douglas McGregor's Theory X?
External control
ExplanationAssumes employees dislike work and require strict supervision.
#8
Who developed the Theory of Motivation-Hygiene?
Frederick Herzberg
ExplanationIdentified factors causing satisfaction (motivators) and dissatisfaction (hygiene) at work.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a need in Alderfer's ERG theory?
Expectancy
ExplanationNot part of Alderfer's theory; focuses on existence, relatedness, and growth needs.
#10
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by their perception of the likelihood of achieving desired outcomes?
Vroom's Expectancy Theory
ExplanationEmphasizes the importance of perceived outcomes in motivation.
#11
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated by the perceived fairness of their treatment compared to others?
Equity Theory
ExplanationFocuses on fairness in social exchanges influencing motivation.
#12
Which theory suggests that individuals have three needs: existence, relatedness, and growth?
Alderfer's ERG Theory
ExplanationFocuses on these three categories of human needs.
#13
Who developed the Self-Determination Theory?
Edward Deci and Richard Ryan
ExplanationFocuses on intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and competence.
#14
Which theory emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation, autonomy, and competence?
Self-Determination Theory
ExplanationHighlights these factors as crucial for motivation and well-being.
#15
According to Alderfer's ERG Theory, what happens if a higher-level need remains unfulfilled?
It strengthens lower-level needs
ExplanationUnfulfilled higher-level needs lead to focus on lower-level ones.