#1
Who is credited with the discovery of the New World in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
ExplanationLed Spanish-sponsored expedition to the Americas.
#2
Who was the absolute monarch of France known for the phrase 'I am the state'?
Louis XIV
ExplanationPersonified absolute rule in France during his reign.
#3
Who authored 'The Leviathan,' advocating for absolute monarchy to prevent anarchy?
Thomas Hobbes
ExplanationArgued for strong central authority to maintain order.
#4
What was the primary economic system in European colonies during the Age of Exploration?
Mercantilism
ExplanationColonies existed to enrich the mother country.
#5
Which European city was a major center for the artistic and intellectual movements of the Renaissance?
Florence
ExplanationBirthplace of Renaissance, home to influential patrons.
#6
Which European explorer is credited with circumnavigating the globe during the 16th century?
Ferdinand Magellan
ExplanationLed expedition, though he died before completion.
#7
Which major event marked the beginning of the Renaissance?
The Fall of Constantinople (1453)
ExplanationShift of Greek scholars to Western Europe sparked cultural revival.
#8
What was the primary impact of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century?
Fragmentation of the Catholic Church
ExplanationLed to the establishment of Protestant denominations.
#9
Which empire was founded by Babur in 1526 and marked the beginning of the Mughal dynasty?
Mughal Empire
ExplanationEstablished by Timurid descendant in South Asia.
#10
Who led the Parliamentarian forces during the English Civil War (1642–1651)?
Oliver Cromwell
ExplanationPlayed key role in overthrowing the monarchy.
#11
Which European power dominated maritime trade in the Indian Ocean during the 16th and 17th centuries?
Portugal
ExplanationEstablished trading posts and monopolies in the region.
#12
Which Asian civilization experienced a cultural and artistic renaissance during the Ming Dynasty?
China
ExplanationFlourished culturally under Ming emperors.
#13
Which treaty ended the Hundred Years' War in 1453?
Treaty of Paris
ExplanationFormally ended conflict between England and France.
#14
What was the main focus of the Scientific Revolution in the 17th century?
Empirical observation and experimentation
ExplanationShift from traditional to experimental methods in science.
#15
Which major treaty concluded the Thirty Years' War in 1648?
Treaty of Westphalia
ExplanationEnded religious conflicts in Europe, established state sovereignty.
#16
Who was the leader of the Haitian Revolution, which resulted in the establishment of the first independent Black-led nation in the Americas?
Toussaint Louverture
ExplanationLed slave rebellion against French colonial rule.
#17
Who was the founder of the Sikh religion in the early 16th century?
Guru Nanak
ExplanationFirst Guru, preached devotion and equality.
#18
What was the significance of the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) in the Age of Exploration?
Established the boundary between Spain and Portugal's overseas territories
ExplanationDivided newly discovered lands between the two powers.