#1
What is the 'reasonable person' standard in legal terms?
An average person with ordinary prudence
ExplanationExpected conduct of an ordinary, prudent individual.
#2
What is the 'proximate cause' standard in legal terms?
The direct cause of an injury or harm
ExplanationImmediate cause leading to an injury or harm.
#3
What is the 'reasonable doubt' standard in criminal trials?
The evidence must prove the defendant's guilt to a high degree of certainty
ExplanationDoubt that leaves a high degree of certainty of guilt.
#4
What does 'mens rea' refer to in criminal law?
The guilty mind
ExplanationCriminal intent or guilty state of mind.
#5
What is 'bailment' in legal terms?
A temporary transfer of possession without transfer of ownership
ExplanationTransfer of possession without transferring ownership.
#6
What is the 'beyond a reasonable doubt' standard used in criminal trials?
The evidence must prove the defendant's guilt with absolute certainty
ExplanationHighest burden of proof; no room for reasonable doubt.
#7
What is the 'preponderance of evidence' standard used in civil trials?
The evidence must tilt slightly in favor of one party over the other
ExplanationMore convincing evidence favoring one party over the other.
#8
What is the 'reasonable suspicion' standard in law enforcement?
A belief based on solid evidence
ExplanationBelief grounded on credible facts to suspect wrongdoing.
#9
What is the 'heightened scrutiny' standard in equal protection cases?
A standard applied to laws based on gender or legitimacy
ExplanationScrutiny of laws involving gender or legitimacy.
#10
What is the 'clear and convincing evidence' standard used in civil trials?
The evidence must establish a high probability of truth
ExplanationEvidence indicating a strong likelihood of truth.
#11
What does 'de novo review' mean in legal proceedings?
A review conducted without deference to a lower court's decision
ExplanationReview without considering prior court decisions.
#12
What does the 'clear and convincing evidence' standard entail?
The evidence must establish a high probability of truth
ExplanationEvidence demonstrating a high likelihood of truth.
#13
In legal contexts, what does 'strict scrutiny' refer to?
A rigorous examination of a law's constitutionality
ExplanationThorough review of laws impacting fundamental rights.
#14
What does the 'reasonable expectation of privacy' standard involve?
An individual's belief that their actions are not being monitored
ExplanationBelief that one's actions are not subject to monitoring.
#15
What is the 'strict liability' standard in tort law?
Liability imposed without regard to fault
ExplanationResponsibility without needing to prove fault.
#16
What is 'strict scrutiny' in the context of constitutional law?
A standard of review applied to laws that classify individuals based on race, ethnicity, or national origin
ExplanationIntense review of laws affecting fundamental rights.
#17
What is the 'preponderance of evidence' standard in legal proceedings?
The evidence must tilt slightly in favor of one party over the other
ExplanationEvidence favoring one party more than the other.