#1
Which of the following courts is the highest court in the United States?
Supreme Court
ExplanationThe highest judicial authority with final appellate jurisdiction.
#2
What is the term for a legal document that commands someone to do something or refrain from doing something?
Writ
ExplanationA formal written order issued by a court.
#3
What is the function of a bailiff in a courtroom?
To maintain order and security in the courtroom
ExplanationEnsures courtroom decorum and security during proceedings.
#4
What is the term for a legal order requiring a person to appear in court or produce documents?
Subpoena
ExplanationCompulsory legal order for testimony or evidence.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a type of alternative dispute resolution (ADR)?
Trial by combat
ExplanationMediation and arbitration are ADR; trial by combat is not.
#6
What does 'voir dire' refer to in legal proceedings?
The process of selecting a jury
ExplanationThe jury selection process in a trial.
#7
What is the Latin term for 'guilty mind' often used in criminal law?
Mens Rea
ExplanationRefers to the mental state or intent of a criminal offender.
#8
What is the purpose of a grand jury in the legal system?
To issue an indictment if there is enough evidence for a trial
ExplanationA group that determines if there's sufficient evidence for a trial.
#9
Which of the following is a fundamental principle of the presumption of innocence?
The burden of proof rests on the prosecution
ExplanationProsecution must prove guilt; the accused is presumed innocent.
#10
In a civil case, what is the standard of proof required for the plaintiff to win?
Preponderance of the evidence
ExplanationThe plaintiff must prove their case is more likely true than not.
#11
What does 'habeas corpus' refer to?
A type of writ used to challenge the legality of someone's detention
ExplanationProtects against unlawful detention; requests court review.
#12
Which principle holds that similar cases should be decided in a similar manner?
Doctrine of Stare Decisis
ExplanationLegal precedent where past decisions influence future cases.
#13
What is the term for a legal principle that prevents a person from being tried again for the same crime after acquittal or conviction?
Double Jeopardy
ExplanationProtection against being tried for the same crime twice.
#14
In criminal cases, what is the standard of proof required for a conviction?
Beyond a reasonable doubt
ExplanationHigh level of certainty required for a criminal conviction.
#15
What is the term for a written statement submitted to a court by a party to a lawsuit?
Affidavit
ExplanationSworn written statement submitted as evidence in court.
#16
What is the term for a legal remedy that requires a party to do or refrain from doing a specific action?
Injunction
ExplanationCourt-ordered requirement to perform or abstain from an action.