#1
Which of the following cases affirmed the principle of 'separate but equal'?
Plessy v. Ferguson
ExplanationUpheld racial segregation under the doctrine of 'separate but equal.'
#2
Which case affirmed the right to an attorney during police interrogation?
Miranda v. Arizona
ExplanationEstablished Miranda rights including the right to remain silent and have an attorney.
#3
Which case established the doctrine of judicial review in the United States?
Marbury v. Madison
ExplanationEstablished the power of the Supreme Court to review the constitutionality of laws.
#4
Which case established the 'Lemon test' to determine if a law violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment?
Lemon v. Kurtzman
ExplanationEstablished a three-part test to evaluate the constitutionality of government actions.
#5
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that same-sex marriage is a constitutional right?
Obergefell v. Hodges
ExplanationLegalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
#6
Which case upheld the use of affirmative action in college admissions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
ExplanationAllowed race to be one of many factors in college admissions.
#7
Which case established the 'exclusionary rule'?
Mapp v. Ohio
ExplanationExcluded evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment from use in criminal proceedings.
#8
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the death penalty was unconstitutional for rape?
Coker v. Georgia
ExplanationDeclared the death penalty for rape as cruel and unusual punishment.
#9
In which case did the Supreme Court establish the 'clear and present danger' test?
Schenck v. United States
ExplanationLimited free speech when it presents a clear and present danger to public safety.
#10
Which case established the 'community caretaking' exception to the Fourth Amendment?
Cady v. Dombrowski
ExplanationPermitted warrantless searches of vehicles under certain circumstances.
#11
In which case did the Supreme Court establish the 'imminent lawless action' test?
Brandenburg v. Ohio
ExplanationProtected speech unless it is directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action.
#12
Which case established the 'reasonable expectation of privacy' test?
Katz v. United States
ExplanationExtended Fourth Amendment protection to conversations.