Legal Concepts in Criminal Justice Quiz

Innocent until proven guilty is a fundamental legal principle where the accused is assumed innocent until evidence establishes guilt.

The exclusionary rule prevents unlawfully obtained evidence from being presented in court, ensuring the legality of evidence.

The Fourth Amendment safeguards against unjustified searches and seizures by requiring warrants based on probable cause.

Felony offenses are more severe crimes than misdemeanors, carrying heavier penalties.

Grand juries assess evidence to determine if there's sufficient cause to bring criminal charges against an individual.

This standard demands evidence so compelling that there is no reasonable doubt about the defendant's guilt.

Defense attorneys advocate for the accused, ensuring their rights are protected and presenting counterarguments against charges.

Bail is set to secure a defendant's appearance in court, balancing the presumption of innocence with the need for trial attendance.

Prosecutors build cases against defendants, presenting evidence to convince the jury of the accused's guilt.

Mens rea refers to the mental state or intent to commit a crime, an essential element in criminal liability.

Double jeopardy prohibits trying an individual twice for the same offense, protecting against legal harassment.

Murder requires intent and premeditation, while manslaughter involves causing death without these elements.

The principle of legality asserts that laws should be clear, accessible, and not retroactively applied to ensure fairness.

Assault is the threat of harm, while battery is the actual physical harm inflicted.

Self-defense asserts that a person used force to protect themselves or others from imminent harm.

Probation is a non-prison sentence, while parole allows early release from prison under supervision.