#1
Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
ExplanationMarbury v. Madison established judicial review, allowing courts to review the constitutionality of government actions.
#2
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures is inadmissible in state courts?
Mapp v. Ohio
ExplanationMapp v. Ohio established the exclusionary rule, disallowing the use of illegally obtained evidence in state courts.
#3
Which case established the 'clear and present danger' test, limiting free speech when it poses a clear and present danger to national security?
Schenck v. United States
ExplanationSchenck v. United States established the 'clear and present danger' test, allowing limitations on free speech in certain circumstances.
#4
Which Supreme Court case ruled that separate but equal public facilities for African Americans and whites were unconstitutional?
Brown v. Board of Education
ExplanationBrown v. Board of Education declared racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional.
#5
Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court case upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II?
Korematsu v. United States
ExplanationKorematsu v. United States upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.
#6
Which case established the 'fighting words' doctrine, allowing certain limitations on free speech that incites violence or disrupts public order?
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
ExplanationChaplinsky v. New Hampshire established the 'fighting words' doctrine, permitting restrictions on speech that incites violence.
#7
In which case did the Supreme Court establish the right to privacy, including a woman's right to choose abortion?
Roe v. Wade
ExplanationRoe v. Wade affirmed a woman's right to choose abortion based on the right to privacy.
#8
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that states cannot ban same-sex marriage, thereby legalizing it nationwide?
Obergefell v. Hodges
ExplanationObergefell v. Hodges legalized same-sex marriage nationwide, declaring bans unconstitutional.
#9
Which Supreme Court case held that individuals have the right to possess firearms for self-defense within their homes?
District of Columbia v. Heller
ExplanationDistrict of Columbia v. Heller affirmed an individual's right to possess firearms for self-defense at home.
#10
Which case established the 'Lemon test' to determine whether a law violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment?
Lemon v. Kurtzman
ExplanationLemon v. Kurtzman introduced the 'Lemon test' for evaluating laws' compliance with the Establishment Clause.
#11
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the government cannot prohibit private possession of obscene materials?
Miller v. California
ExplanationMiller v. California established criteria for determining obscenity and limited government censorship of private possession.