#1
Which landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
ExplanationMarbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to invalidate laws deemed unconstitutional.
#2
Which case affirmed the federal government's ability to regulate interstate commerce?
Gibbons v. Ogden
ExplanationGibbons v. Ogden affirmed the federal government's authority to regulate interstate commerce under the Commerce Clause of the Constitution.
#3
Which case established the supremacy of federal law over state law?
McCulloch v. Maryland
ExplanationMcCulloch v. Maryland established the supremacy of federal law over state law and confirmed the constitutionality of the Bank of the United States.
#4
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that African Americans could not be considered American citizens?
Dred Scott v. Sandford
ExplanationDred Scott v. Sandford held that African Americans, whether enslaved or free, were not considered American citizens and could not sue in federal court.
#5
Which case established the 'separate but equal' doctrine, upholding racial segregation in public facilities?
Plessy v. Ferguson
ExplanationPlessy v. Ferguson established the 'separate but equal' doctrine, allowing for racial segregation in public facilities as long as they were equal in quality.
#6
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that the Cherokee Nation was entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments?
Worcester v. Georgia
ExplanationWorcester v. Georgia established that Native American tribes were sovereign nations entitled to federal protection from state interference.
#7
In which case did the Supreme Court establish the 'exclusionary rule', excluding evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment?
Mapp v. Ohio
ExplanationMapp v. Ohio established the 'exclusionary rule,' which prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in criminal trials.
#8
In which case did the Supreme Court establish a three-pronged test to determine if a government action violates the Establishment Clause?
Lemon v. Kurtzman
ExplanationLemon v. Kurtzman established the Lemon test, a three-pronged test used to determine if a government action violates the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.
#9
In which case did the Supreme Court rule that actual malice must be proven for a statement to be considered defamation against public figures?
New York Times v. Sullivan
ExplanationNew York Times v. Sullivan ruled that for a statement to be considered defamation against public figures, actual malice must be proven, establishing a higher standard of proof.
#10
Which case established the 'clear and present danger' test, limiting free speech if it presents a clear danger to society?
New York Times v. Sullivan
ExplanationNew York Times v. Sullivan established the 'clear and present danger' test, allowing limitations on free speech if it presents a clear danger to society.