#1
What is the normal heart rate for an adult at rest?
60-80 beats per minute
ExplanationNormal resting heart rate for adults.
#2
What is the term for a junctional rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 bpm?
Junctional tachycardia
ExplanationJunctional rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 bpm is termed as junctional tachycardia.
#3
Which condition is often associated with junctional ectopic tachycardia in pediatric patients?
Tetralogy of Fallot
ExplanationTetralogy of Fallot is often associated with junctional ectopic tachycardia in pediatric patients.
#4
What is the term for a junctional rhythm originating from a site below the atrioventricular node but not within the bundle of His?
Infranodal escape rhythm
ExplanationInfranodal escape rhythm originates below the AV node but not within the bundle of His.
#5
What is the primary concern in the management of junctional rhythms during pregnancy?
Fetal bradycardia
ExplanationThe primary concern in the management of junctional rhythms during pregnancy is fetal bradycardia.
#6
Which part of the heart initiates electrical impulses in a junctional rhythm?
AV Node
ExplanationAV Node initiates electrical impulses in junctional rhythm.
#7
What characterizes a junctional escape rhythm?
Regular rhythm with a heart rate of 60-100 bpm
ExplanationJunctional escape rhythm is regular with a heart rate of 60-100 bpm.
#8
What is the P-wave morphology in junctional rhythms?
Absent
ExplanationP-wave is absent in junctional rhythms.
#9
Which electrolyte imbalance can contribute to the development of junctional rhythms?
Hyperkalemia
ExplanationHyperkalemia can contribute to the development of junctional rhythms.
#10
What is the primary difference between a junctional escape beat and a premature junctional contraction?
Timing of occurrence
ExplanationPrimary difference lies in the timing of occurrence between junctional escape beat and premature junctional contraction.
#11
Which ECG lead is commonly used to identify junctional rhythms?
Lead II
ExplanationLead II is commonly used to identify junctional rhythms on ECG.
#12
What is the potential complication of sustained junctional tachycardia?
Heart block
ExplanationHeart block is a potential complication of sustained junctional tachycardia.
#13
What is the treatment approach for symptomatic junctional bradycardia?
Administer atropine
ExplanationAtropine administration is the treatment approach for symptomatic junctional bradycardia.
#14
In which clinical scenario might a junctional rhythm be considered physiologic?
During sleep
ExplanationJunctional rhythm may be considered physiologic during sleep.
#15
What is the primary concern in junctional rhythms with aberrancy?
Ventricular tachycardia
ExplanationThe primary concern in junctional rhythms with aberrancy is ventricular tachycardia.