#1
Which of the following is NOT a part of the judicial system?
Prosecutorial Branch
ExplanationBranch responsible for prosecution, not part of judiciary.
#2
What is the highest court in the United States?
Supreme Court
ExplanationHighest legal authority in the US, final appellate court.
#3
Who is responsible for interpreting and applying the law in a courtroom?
Judge
ExplanationAuthority overseeing legal proceedings, interpreting law.
#4
What is the term for a legal dispute between private parties?
Civil case
ExplanationLegal conflict between private entities, not criminal.
#5
Which court handles cases involving violations of federal law?
Federal Court
ExplanationCourt responsible for adjudicating federal law infractions.
#6
What is the role of a bailiff in a courtroom?
To maintain order and security in the courtroom
ExplanationEnsures courtroom decorum and safety.
#7
Which of the following describes the concept of 'judicial review'?
The power of the judiciary to interpret laws and overturn those found unconstitutional
ExplanationJudiciary's authority to assess laws and nullify unconstitutional ones.
#8
What does 'stare decisis' mean in legal terminology?
To adhere to previous court rulings and decisions when deciding current cases
ExplanationLegal principle: Respect prior decisions for consistency.
#9
What is the term for a legal order requiring a person to appear in court or produce evidence?
Subpoena
ExplanationLegal mandate for court appearance or evidence submission.
#10
Which amendment of the United States Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial and legal representation?
Sixth Amendment
ExplanationConstitutional amendment securing fair trial and counsel.
#11
What is the term for a legal document that initiates a lawsuit?
Complaint
ExplanationInitial legal filing to commence a lawsuit.
#12
What is the primary purpose of a grand jury?
To decide whether there is enough evidence to indict a suspect and proceed to trial
ExplanationDetermines sufficiency of evidence for trial initiation.
#13
In a criminal trial, what is the burden of proof required by the prosecution?
Beyond a reasonable doubt
ExplanationStandard requiring strong evidence for conviction.
#14
Who has the authority to nominate federal judges in the United States?
The President
ExplanationExecutive branch's role in appointing federal judges.
#15
In a civil trial, what is the standard of proof required?
Preponderance of the evidence
ExplanationEvidence weightier in favor of one party determines outcome.
#16
Who has the authority to interpret the Constitution in the United States?
Supreme Court
ExplanationHighest court's prerogative to construe the Constitution.