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Judicial System Structure and Hierarchy Quiz

#1

Which of the following courts is the highest appellate court in the United States?

Supreme Court
Explanation

The highest appellate court in the U.S. legal system.

#2

Who appoints judges to the Supreme Court of the United States?

President
Explanation

Judges are appointed by the President.

#3

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental right guaranteed by the United States Constitution?

Right to education
Explanation

Not guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution.

#4

What is the term used to describe a legal case brought by one or more plaintiffs on behalf of a larger group of people who have a common interest?

Class action lawsuit
Explanation

Legal case representing a larger group.

#5

Which of the following is a characteristic of the adversarial system of justice?

Parties present evidence and arguments to an impartial judge or jury.
Explanation

Parties presenting to impartial judge or jury.

#6

In which type of court case does the government prosecute an individual or entity accused of violating the law?

Criminal case
Explanation

Case where government prosecutes law violations.

#7

In which country does the Supreme Court consist of 12 judges known as 'Lords of Appeal in Ordinary'?

United Kingdom
Explanation

The United Kingdom.

#8

What does 'en banc' refer to in the context of court proceedings?

A decision made by the entire court
Explanation

A decision made by the entire court.

#9

In the federal court system of the United States, how many circuit courts of appeals are there?

12
Explanation

There are 12 circuit courts of appeals.

#10

Which of the following is NOT a typical responsibility of a grand jury in the U.S. legal system?

Conducting trials
Explanation

Not responsible for conducting trials.

#11

Which amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases involving more than $20?

Seventh Amendment
Explanation

Seventh Amendment guarantees jury trial in civil cases.

#12

What is the term used to describe the process of questioning potential jurors to ensure impartiality?

Voir dire
Explanation

Process of questioning potential jurors.

#13

What is the name for a written statement submitted in a trial by a party to the case?

Pleading
Explanation

Written statement submitted in a trial.

#14

What is the term used to describe a legal principle that previous court decisions must be followed by courts in current cases presenting similar issues?

Stare decisis
Explanation

Legal principle of following precedent.

#15

In the federal court system of the United States, what is the lowest level of court where trials are held?

District Court
Explanation

District Court is the lowest level with trials.

#16

What is the name for a formal accusation of a serious crime, issued by a grand jury?

Indictment
Explanation

Formal accusation issued by grand jury.

#17

What is the term used for a legal document that provides reasons for a court's decision?

Opinion
Explanation

Legal document providing court's decision reasons.

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