#1
Which of the following is an example of extrinsic motivation?
Receiving a bonus for meeting a sales target
ExplanationExternal rewards drive behavior
#2
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing incentive motivation?
Conscious awareness
ExplanationConscious awareness is not a factor influencing incentive motivation
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of intrinsic motivation?
Behavior is driven by internal factors
ExplanationIntrinsic motivation is characterized by behavior driven by internal factors
#4
Which of the following is a characteristic of extrinsic motivation?
External rewards drive behavior
ExplanationExtrinsic motivation is characterized by external rewards driving behavior
#5
Which of the following best describes the concept of incentive motivation?
External factors that drive behavior
ExplanationIncentive motivation involves external factors driving behavior
#6
What type of reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior?
Negative reinforcement
ExplanationRemoving an unpleasant stimulus to reinforce behavior
#7
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the brain's reward system?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is associated with the brain's reward system
#8
In the context of motivation, what does the term 'cue' refer to?
A stimulus that triggers a behavior
ExplanationA cue is a stimulus that triggers a behavior
#9
What term describes the phenomenon where a person engages in a behavior for its own sake, rather than for some external reward?
Intrinsic motivation
ExplanationBehavior is driven by internal factors in intrinsic motivation
#10
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated to maintain an optimal level of arousal?
Arousal theory
ExplanationArousal theory suggests maintaining an optimal level of arousal motivates individuals
#11
What is the term for the process of gradually reducing the frequency or strength of a behavior by removing the reinforcement?
Extinction
ExplanationGradual reduction of behavior by removing reinforcement is extinction
#12
According to self-determination theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness
ExplanationAutonomy, competence, and relatedness drive behavior according to self-determination theory
#13
According to expectancy theory, what three factors influence the motivation to perform a particular behavior?
Valence, expectancy, and instrumentality
ExplanationValence, expectancy, and instrumentality influence motivation in expectancy theory
#14
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals tend to perform better when others are watching?
Social facilitation
ExplanationPerformance improvement when observed is social facilitation
#15
According to Herzberg's two-factor theory, which of the following is considered a hygiene factor?
Salary
ExplanationSalary is considered a hygiene factor in Herzberg's two-factor theory
#16
According to the Hierarchy of Needs theory, which need must be fulfilled before higher-level needs can be addressed?
Safety
ExplanationSafety needs must be fulfilled before addressing higher-level needs according to the Hierarchy of Needs theory