#1
Which cells are primarily targeted by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)?
T cells
ExplanationHIV primarily targets T cells in the immune system.
#2
What is the main function of the immune system?
To protect the body from pathogens
ExplanationThe immune system's main function is to protect the body from pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria.
#3
Which body fluid is considered the main vehicle for HIV transmission?
Blood
ExplanationBlood is the main vehicle for HIV transmission.
#4
Which organ does HIV primarily target and infect?
Lymph nodes
ExplanationHIV primarily targets and infects lymph nodes.
#5
How does HIV primarily enter the body?
Through sexual contact
ExplanationHIV primarily enters the body through sexual contact.
#6
Which type of HIV test is commonly used for screening purposes?
ELISA
ExplanationELISA is commonly used for screening purposes in HIV testing.
#7
What type of virus is HIV?
Retrovirus
ExplanationHIV is a retrovirus.
#8
Which component of the immune system is primarily affected by HIV, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
T lymphocytes
ExplanationHIV primarily affects T lymphocytes, leading to AIDS.
#9
What is the role of CD4 cells in the immune system?
Coordinating immune responses
ExplanationCD4 cells play a role in coordinating immune responses.
#10
Which of the following is a common symptom of acute HIV infection?
High fever
ExplanationHigh fever is a common symptom of acute HIV infection.
#11
What is the significance of viral load in HIV management?
It indicates the amount of HIV virus in the body
ExplanationViral load indicates the amount of HIV virus present in the body.
#12
Which of the following is a common opportunistic infection associated with advanced HIV infection?
Tuberculosis
ExplanationTuberculosis is a common opportunistic infection associated with advanced HIV infection.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a common method of HIV transmission?
Mosquito bites
ExplanationHIV is not commonly transmitted through mosquito bites.
#14
What is the main mechanism by which HIV evades the immune system?
Rapid mutation
ExplanationHIV evades the immune system through rapid mutation.
#15
Which antiretroviral drug class interferes with the conversion of HIV RNA into DNA?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
ExplanationNRTIs interfere with the conversion of HIV RNA into DNA.
#16
What is the term used to describe the stage of HIV infection when the virus is replicating at its highest rate and CD4 cell counts decline significantly?
Acute stage
ExplanationThe acute stage is when HIV replicates rapidly, and CD4 cell counts decline significantly.