#1
Which of the following best defines social psychology?
The study of individual behavior within groups
ExplanationExamines how individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the presence and actions of others.
#2
What is conformity?
The tendency to conform to the majority opinion or behavior
ExplanationAdopting beliefs or behaviors to align with the majority, often due to social pressure.
#3
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudice is a negative attitude while discrimination is the action.
ExplanationPrejudice involves negative feelings, while discrimination involves unfair treatment or actions towards a group.
#4
What is the central route to persuasion?
A method of persuasion that involves logical arguments and evidence.
ExplanationPersuasion through presenting strong, logical arguments and supporting evidence.
#5
What is social facilitation?
The tendency for individuals to perform better on simple tasks when in the presence of others.
ExplanationEnhanced performance on simple tasks in the presence of others, but impaired performance on complex tasks.
#6
What is the bystander effect?
A phenomenon where individuals in a group are less likely to help in an emergency situation
ExplanationIndividuals are less likely to assist in emergencies when others are present, assuming someone else will take responsibility.
#7
Which theory suggests that we attribute others' behavior to internal or external causes?
Attribution theory
ExplanationExplains how people interpret and explain others' actions, attributing them to personal characteristics or external factors.
#8
What is cognitive dissonance?
The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes
ExplanationThe psychological discomfort arising from inconsistent thoughts, leading individuals to resolve the conflict.
#9
Which of the following is an example of implicit bias?
Unconscious preferences for people similar to oneself
ExplanationUnconscious attitudes and preferences towards certain groups, affecting perceptions and behavior.
#10
What is the main idea behind the self-perception theory?
People observe their own behavior and infer their attitudes from it.
ExplanationIndividuals derive their attitudes by observing their own actions and inferring their beliefs.
#11
What does the Stanford prison experiment demonstrate?
The power of situational factors in influencing behavior
ExplanationIllustrates how environmental factors can profoundly impact individuals' behavior, showing the potential for abuse of power.
#12
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationIndividuals attribute positive outcomes to their abilities but attribute negative outcomes to external factors.
#13
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to underestimate the influence of situational factors and overestimate the influence of personal factors
ExplanationAttributing others' actions to internal characteristics while neglecting the impact of external circumstances.
#14
What is social identity theory?
A theory that suggests people form perceptions based on their social categorizations and comparisons with others
ExplanationIndividuals categorize themselves and others into social groups, influencing perceptions and attitudes.
#15
What does the social learning theory propose?
People learn through observation and imitation of others' behavior.
ExplanationLearning occurs through observing and imitating others, particularly in social contexts.