#1
Which virus causes AIDS?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
#2
How can HIV be transmitted?
Through saliva
By sharing utensils
Through blood, sexual contact, and from mother to child
Through airborne particles
#3
Which of the following is NOT a common mode of HIV transmission?
Blood transfusions with infected blood
Sharing needles for drug use
Touching or hugging an infected person
Mother-to-child during childbirth or breastfeeding
#4
How does antiretroviral therapy (ART) work to treat HIV?
It eradicates the virus from the body
It boosts the immune system to fight off the virus
It prevents the virus from replicating
It converts the virus to a less harmful form
#5
In which year was the first case of HIV identified?
#6
Which of the following is a common symptom of acute HIV infection?
Severe weight loss
Blurred vision
Flu-like symptoms
Persistent cough
#7
What does ART stand for in the context of HIV treatment?
Antiretroviral therapy
Advanced recovery treatment
Antibiotic resistance therapy
Autoimmune regulatory treatment
#8
What is the most effective way to prevent HIV infection?
Antibiotics
Regular exercise
Antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Using condoms and limiting the number of sexual partners
#9
Which of the following is a late stage symptom of HIV infection?
Fever
Weight loss
Night sweats
Opportunistic infections
#10
Which group of antiretroviral drugs prevents HIV from entering the cells?
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)
Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)
Protease Inhibitors (PIs)
Entry Inhibitors
#11
What year was the first case of AIDS reported?
#12
What is PrEP, and who is it recommended for?
Post-exposure prophylaxis for people who have been potentially exposed to HIV
Pre-exposure prophylaxis for people at high risk of HIV infection
A type of antiretroviral treatment for people who are HIV-positive
A vaccine against HIV
#13
Which test is most commonly used for initial screening for HIV?
Western blot
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
Antibody/antigen (Ag/Ab) tests
CD4 count
#14
Which of the following statements is true about the global effort to combat HIV/AIDS?
The number of new HIV infections has increased in the last decade
There is a vaccine available that prevents HIV infection
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly reduced HIV-related deaths
HIV can now be completely cured with advanced medication
#15
What role do CD4 cells play in HIV infection?
They are the primary cells infected and destroyed by HIV
They produce HIV antibodies
They are resistant to HIV infection
They are used by the body to directly kill HIV particles
#16
Which initiative is credited with providing substantial funding for HIV/AIDS treatment, prevention, and research globally?
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)
UNAIDS
World Health Organization (WHO)
#17
What is the function of integrase inhibitors in HIV treatment?
They prevent the virus from binding to CD4 cells
They block the virus from integrating its genetic material into the host's DNA
They enhance the immune system to fight off the virus
They prevent the virus from replicating inside the cell
#18
Which population group is considered at 'high risk' for HIV infection?
Elderly individuals
Men who have sex with men, intravenous drug users, and sex workers
Children under the age of 5
Individuals with type 2 diabetes
#19
As of the latest global data, which region has the highest prevalence of HIV/AIDS?
North America
Sub-Saharan Africa
South Asia
Western Europe
#20
What does 'undetectable' mean in the context of HIV?
The virus is completely eradicated from the body
The virus is present but cannot be transmitted to others
The virus cannot be detected by standard tests due to low viral load
Both b and c
#21
Which global initiative is focused on ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030?
World Health Organization (WHO) Global Health Sector Strategy on HIV
UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets
PEPFAR (President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief)
The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
#22
What is the significance of a 'window period' in HIV testing?
It is the time needed for the test results to be ready
It is the period when HIV symptoms first become noticeable
It is the time after exposure when HIV cannot yet be detected by tests
It is the timeframe when treatment is most effective
#23
Which of the following factors can affect the progression of HIV to AIDS?
Genetic susceptibility
Co-infections
Access to and effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy
All of the above
#24
What is the primary goal of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets?
90% of all people living with HIV will know their status, 90% of those will receive sustained antiretroviral therapy, and 90% of those will achieve viral suppression
90% reduction in new HIV infections, 90% reduction in HIV-related discrimination, and 90% reduction in AIDS-related deaths
90% of all countries will have eliminated HIV/AIDS as a public health threat
90% of HIV funding will be directed towards vaccines and cure research
#25
What significant milestone was achieved in the fight against HIV/AIDS by 2020?
A functional cure for HIV was discovered
The first HIV vaccine was approved for general use
More than half of all people living with HIV globally were accessing antiretroviral therapy
New HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths were reduced by more than 75% since the peak of the epidemic