#1
Which of the following best defines health psychology?
The study of the psychological factors that contribute to illness and disease.
ExplanationStudy of psychological factors influencing illness.
#2
What is the term for a brief episode of intense fear or discomfort, accompanied by physical symptoms such as heart palpitations and shortness of breath?
Panic Attack
ExplanationBrief intense fear episode with physical symptoms.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of major depressive disorder?
Persistent sadness and loss of interest or pleasure in activities
ExplanationCharacteristic symptoms include persistent sadness and loss of interest.
#4
What is the term for the process by which individuals acquire the values, beliefs, and behaviors of their culture?
Socialization
ExplanationProcess of acquiring cultural values and beliefs.
#5
What is the term for the process of adapting to and managing stressors in everyday life?
Coping
ExplanationProcess of adapting and managing stress.
#6
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively than when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationTendency to exert less effort in group settings.
#7
Which model of health behavior change focuses on an individual's readiness to change?
Transtheoretical Model
ExplanationFocuses on readiness for behavior change.
#8
According to the biopsychosocial model, which of the following factors contribute to health and illness?
Biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
ExplanationHealth influenced by biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors.
#9
Which of the following is NOT a component of the tripartite model of attitudes?
Social component
ExplanationTripartite model excludes social component.
#10
What does the term 'placebo effect' refer to in health psychology?
The improvement of symptoms due to the belief in receiving an active treatment
ExplanationImprovement of symptoms due to belief in treatment.
#11
Which of the following is a primary goal of positive psychology?
To understand and enhance human strengths and virtues
ExplanationPrimary goal is to understand and enhance strengths.
#12
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be met before an individual can strive for self-actualization?
Physiological needs
ExplanationPhysiological needs must be met first.
#13
Which type of coping strategy involves accepting a stressful situation and learning to live with it?
Acceptance coping
ExplanationStrategy of accepting and living with stress.
#14
According to the transactional model of stress and coping, what factors influence an individual's appraisal of a stressor?
Both the objective characteristics and the individual's perception of the stressor
ExplanationAppraisal influenced by objective and perceived characteristics.
#15
Which theory posits that individuals strive to maintain a balance between their beliefs and behaviors, leading to cognitive dissonance when inconsistencies arise?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationTheory explaining discomfort from belief-behavior inconsistencies.
#16
Which theory of emotion suggests that physiological arousal and the experience of emotion occur simultaneously?
Cannon-Bard theory
ExplanationTheory suggesting simultaneous arousal and emotion experience.