#1
Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Age
ExplanationAge is a non-modifiable risk factor.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Health Belief Model?
Perceived benefits
ExplanationPerceived benefits is not part of the model.
#3
What is the recommended daily intake of fruits and vegetables for adults, according to dietary guidelines?
5 servings
ExplanationThe guideline recommends 5 servings daily.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a method of contraception?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test
ExplanationPSA test is not a method of contraception.
#5
Which of the following is a symptom of anaphylaxis?
Rapid heart rate
ExplanationRapid heart rate is a symptom.
#6
What is the primary source of vitamin D for most people?
Sunlight exposure
ExplanationSunlight is the primary source.
#7
What is the primary focus of tertiary prevention?
Preventing disease complications and disabilities
ExplanationTertiary prevention aims to prevent complications.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a recommended screening test for breast cancer?
Breast self-exam
ExplanationBreast self-exam is not recommended for screening.
#9
Which of the following behaviors is a common risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes?
Excessive consumption of sugary beverages
ExplanationConsuming sugary drinks is a risk factor.
#10
What is the primary aim of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion?
To promote health equity
ExplanationThe charter aims to promote equity in health.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a method of reducing stress?
Isolation from social interactions
ExplanationIsolation increases stress, not reduces.
#12
What is the main purpose of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control?
To protect present and future generations from the devastating health, social, environmental, and economic consequences of tobacco consumption
ExplanationIt aims to protect against tobacco's consequences.
#13
Which of the following interventions is an example of primary prevention?
Immunizing children against measles
ExplanationImmunization is a primary prevention measure.
#14
Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
Genetics
ExplanationGenetics is not a social determinant.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a recommended method for preventing the spread of infectious diseases?
Sharing personal items like utensils
ExplanationSharing personal items spreads diseases.
#16
Which of the following is NOT a component of the 5 A's model for smoking cessation?
Approach
ExplanationApproach is not part of the model.
#17
Which of the following is NOT a key element of the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change Model)?
Decision-making
ExplanationDecision-making is not a key element.