#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of a cohesive group?
Strong sense of belonging
ExplanationCohesive groups exhibit a strong sense of belonging among members.
#2
What term describes the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working collectively compared to individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to the tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a group setting.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a stage in Tuckman's model of group development?
Adjourning
ExplanationAdjourning is not a stage in Tuckman's model; it refers to the ending phase.
#4
What concept refers to the tendency for individuals to conform to group norms in order to fit in, even if it means going against their own beliefs?
Normative influence
ExplanationNormative influence involves conforming to group norms to gain acceptance.
#5
What term describes the tendency for a group's decision-making process to become flawed due to the desire for consensus overriding realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action?
Groupthink
ExplanationGroupthink results in flawed decision-making due to a desire for consensus over critical evaluation.
#6
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing group cohesion?
High levels of conflict
ExplanationHigh levels of conflict generally reduce group cohesion rather than enhance it.
#7
Which theory of leadership suggests that effective leaders adapt their style based on the readiness or maturity level of their followers?
Situational leadership
ExplanationSituational leadership theory emphasizes adapting leadership style to follower readiness.
#8
According to social identity theory, what is the primary source of self-esteem for individuals within a group?
Group membership
ExplanationSelf-esteem for individuals in a group primarily stems from their identification with the group.
#9
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals within a group tend to exaggerate their initial attitudes through discussion, leading to more extreme positions?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup polarization involves individuals adopting more extreme positions after group discussion.
#10
Which model suggests that group performance is influenced by the level of arousal of the dominant response?
Yerkes-Dodson law
ExplanationThe Yerkes-Dodson law states that performance is influenced by arousal levels, with optimal performance at moderate arousal.
#11
What concept refers to the tendency for individuals to exert more effort when working collectively compared to individually?
Synergy
ExplanationSynergy is the increased effort and productivity when individuals work together.