#1
Which of the following best defines group dynamics?
The study of how groups interact and influence individual behavior
ExplanationGroup dynamics focuses on understanding how groups function and impact individual behaviors.
#2
What is the term for the process of individuals identifying themselves as part of a group?
Socialization
ExplanationSocialization refers to the process through which individuals become integrated into a group.
#3
Which theory suggests that individuals tend to conform to group norms in order to fit in and gain social acceptance?
Social Identity Theory
ExplanationSocial Identity Theory posits that individuals conform to group norms to enhance their self-esteem and social identity.
#4
What is the phenomenon where group discussion leads to the adoption of more extreme viewpoints by individuals?
Group Polarization
ExplanationGroup Polarization describes the tendency for group discussions to intensify individuals' pre-existing views.
#5
Which factor is NOT typically associated with group cohesion?
Conflict resolution
ExplanationConflict resolution, while important, is not typically associated with enhancing group cohesion.
#6
What is the term for the tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a group setting compared to when working alone?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to individuals' tendency to contribute less effort when working in a group.
#7
In-group favoritism and out-group discrimination are characteristic of which psychological phenomenon?
Ethnocentrism
ExplanationEthnocentrism involves favoring one's in-group while discriminating against out-groups.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a cohesive group?
High levels of conformity
ExplanationCohesive groups may exhibit conformity, but high levels of conformity are not exclusive characteristics.
#9
According to social identity theory, what happens when individuals strongly identify with a particular group?
They are more likely to conform to group norms
ExplanationStrong identification with a group increases the likelihood of conformity to group norms for individuals.
#10
Which theory suggests that individuals are motivated to achieve a positive social identity?
Social identity theory
ExplanationSocial identity theory posits that individuals strive for a positive social identity by identifying with certain groups.
#11
What is the term for the tendency of individuals to conform to the majority opinion, even if that opinion is incorrect?
Normative social influence
ExplanationNormative social influence leads individuals to conform to group norms to gain social acceptance, even if the norms are incorrect.
#12
Which type of power is based on an individual's personal characteristics and charisma?
Referent power
ExplanationReferent power derives from an individual's personal qualities and charisma, attracting others to emulate them.
#13
According to Tuckman's stages of group development, which stage involves conflict and negotiation as members establish their roles and responsibilities?
Storming
ExplanationStorming is the stage in group development where conflict and negotiation arise as members define their roles and responsibilities.
#14
According to social identity theory, individuals strive to maintain a positive social identity through what processes?
Social comparison and self-categorization
ExplanationSocial identity theory suggests individuals maintain a positive social identity through comparing themselves with others and identifying with certain social groups.