Fundamentals of Psychology and Sociology Quiz

Piaget proposed stages of cognitive development including sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.

Sociology primarily focuses on the study of group behavior and societal structures.

Social psychology primarily studies how individuals are influenced by social factors and interact in groups.

Pavlov developed the theory of classical conditioning, which explores how organisms learn through associations.

Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning, which explores how behavior is shaped by consequences.

Sociology is the study of society, its institutions, and human social behavior.

Mead introduced the term 'socialization' to describe the process of internalizing societal norms and values.

Functionalism views society as a system of interrelated parts working together for social stability.

The Hawthorne effect refers to changes in behavior when individuals are aware of being observed.

Comte is often regarded as the founder of modern sociology for his emphasis on applying scientific methods to study society.

Bandura developed social learning theory, which highlights the role of observational learning in behavior.

Durkheim introduced the concept of 'anomie' to describe a state of normlessness and breakdown of social bonds.

Locke proposed the concept of 'tabula rasa,' suggesting that individuals are born with a blank slate, and experience shapes their development.

Confirmation bias is the tendency to favor information that confirms preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

Evolutionary psychology focuses on how natural selection has shaped cognitive and social behaviors over time.

Socialization refers to the process of internalizing societal norms, values, and roles.

The Stanford prison experiment studied the effects of role-playing and deindividuation on behavior in simulated prison conditions.